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aeternus, a, um, adj. [contr. from aeviternus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 11 Müll., from aevum, with the termination -ternus as in sempiternus, hesternus], without beginning or end, eternal (sempiternus denotes what is perpetual, what exists as long as time endures, and keeps even pace with it; aeternus, the eternal, that which is raised above all time, and can be measured only by œons (αἰῶνες, indefinite periods); for Tempus est pars quaedam aeternitatis, Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 39. Thus the sublime thought, without beginning and end, is more vividly suggested by aeternus than by sempiternus, since the former has more direct reference to the long duration of the eternal, which has neither beginning nor end. Sempiternus is rather a mathematical, aeternus a metaphysical, designation of eternity, Doed. Syn. I. p. 3).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Of the past and future, eternal: deus beatus et aeternus, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 88: nihil quod ortum sit, aeternum esse potest, id. N. D. 1, 8: O Pater, o hominum rerumque aeterna Potestas, Verg. A. 10, 18: di semper fuerunt, nati numquam sunt, siquidem aeterni sunt futuri, Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90: idem legis perpetuae et aeternae vim Jovem dicit esse, id. ib. 1, 15, 40: nomen Domini Dei aeterni, Vulg. Gen. 21, 33; ib. Rom. 16, 26: aeternum tempus, Lucr. 1, 582: causae immutabiles eaeque aeternae, Cic. Fat. 12, 48.
    2. B. Of the future, everlasting, endless, immortal: natura animi … neque nata certe est et aeterna est, Cic. Tusc. 1, 23: virorum bonorum mentes divinae mihi atque aeternae videntur esse, id. Rab. 29: aeternam timuerunt noctem, Verg. G. 1, 468: Quod semper movetur, aeternum est, Cic. Tusc. 1, 23: Quidquid est illud quod sentit … caeleste et divinum ob eamque rem aeternum sit, necesse est, id. ib. 1, 27: ut habeam vitam aeternam, Vulg. Matt. 19, 16; ib. Joan. 3, 15; ib. Rom. 2, 7: in sanguine testamenti aeterni, ib. Heb. 13, 20: tu Juppiter bonorum inimicos aeternis suppliciis vivos mortuosque mactabis, Cic. Cat. 2, 13: ibunt in supplicium aeternum, Vulg. Matt. 25, 46: aeternas poenas in morte timendumst, Lucr. 1, 111: mitti in ignem aeternum, Vulg. Matt. 18, 8.
    3. C. Of the past: ex aeterno tempore quaeque Nunc etiam superare necessest corpora rebus, from eternity, Lucr. 1, 578: motum animorum nullo a principio, sed ex aeterno tempore intellegi convenire, Cic. Fin. 1, 6.
    4. D. Spec. of objects of nature, which the ancients regarded as stable and perpetual, everlasting, eternal: aeterna templa caeli, Poët. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, 11, p. 77 Müll.: aeternam lampada mundi, Lucr. 5, 402: micant aeterni sidera mundi, id. 5, 514: aeterna domus, i. e. caelum, Cic. Rep. 6, 23: donec veniret desiderium collium aeternorum, the everlasting hills, Vulg. Gen. 49, 26; ib. Ps. 75, 5; cf. ib. Ps. 103, 5.
  2. II. Meton., of indef. long time.
    1. A. Of the future, lasting, enduring, everlasting, perpetual: aeterni parietes, Plin. 35, 14, 49, § 172: dehinc spero aeternam inter nos gratiam fore, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 33: aeternus luctus, Lucr. 3, 924: dolor, id. 3, 1003: vulnus, id. 2, 369; so Verg. A. 1, 36: aerumna, Cic. Sen. 34: mala, Verg. Cul. 130: bellum, Cic. Cat. 4, 22: dedecus, id. Font. 88: imperium, id. Rab. 33; so Verg. A. 1, 230: versūs, Lucr. 1, 121: ignis sacerdotis, Cic. Font. 47: gloria, id. Cat. 4, 21: laus, id. Planc. 26: memoria, id. Verr. 4, 69: non dubitat Lentulum aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, id. Cat. 4, 10.
      Comic.: spero me ob hunc nuntium aeternum adepturum cibum, Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 13. Esp. of Rome: aeterna urbs, the Eternal City, Tib. 2, 5, 23; Ov. F. 3, 72; Cod. Th. 10, 16, 1; Symm. Ep. 3, 55; Inscr. Orell. 2, 1140.
      Comp.: nec est ulli ligno aeternior natura. Plin. 14, 1, 2, § 9: aeterniora mala, Lact. Epit. 9.
    2. B. Of the past, of yore, of old: ablue corpus alluvii aeternisque sordibus squalidum, Curt. 4, 1, 22.
  3. III. Adv. phrases.
      1. 1. in aeter-num.
    1. A. Lit., forever, everlastingly: et vivat in aeternum, Vulg. Gen. 3, 22: hoc nomen mihi est in aeternum, ib. Exod. 3, 15: Dominus in aeternum permanet, ib. Psa. 9, 8: vivet in aeternum, ib. Joan. 6, 52: Tu es sacerdos in aeternum, ib. Heb. 5, 6: non habebit remissionem in aeternum, ib. Marc. 3, 29.
    2. B. Meton., of indef. long time, forever, always: urbs in aeternum condita, Liv. 4, 4: leges in aeternum latae, id. 34, 6: (proverbia) durant in aeternum, Quint. 5, 11, 41: delatores non in praesens tantum, sed in aeternum repressisti, Plin. Pan. 35: (famulos) possidebitis in aeternum, Vulg. Lev. 25, 46: (servus) serviet tibi usque in aeternum, ib. Deut. 15, 17: ut sceleris memoria maneat in aeternum, Lact. 1, 11.
      1. 2. aeternum.
    1. A. Lit., forever: sedet aeternumque sedebit Infelix Theseus, Verg. A. 6, 617: ut aeternum illum reciperes, Vulg. Phil. 15 (prob. here an adv.).
    2. B. Meton., of indef. long time, forever, always: serviet aeternum, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 41.
    3. C. Of what is continually repeated, constantly, again and again (as in colloq. Engl., everlastingly, eternally): glaebaque versis Aeternum frangenda bidentibus, Verg. G. 2, 400: ingens janitor Aeternum latrans (of Cerberus), id. A. 6, 401.
      1. 3. aeternō, meton., of indef. long time, forever, perpetually: viret aeterno hunc fontem igneum contegens fraxinus, Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 240: BVSTA TVTA AETERNO MANEANT, Inscr. Orell. 4517.

Arnŏbĭus, ii, m.

  1. I. An African Church father in the time of Diocletian, c. A. D. 295. His work, Adversus Gentes, is distinguished by strength and purity of diction; cf. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 639, 2.
  2. II. Arnŏbĭus (junior), ii, m., a theological author, c. A. D. 460, who wrote a Commentary on the Psalms; cf. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 462, 1.

cassus, a, um, adj., empty, void, hollow.

  1. I. Prop. (syn.: inanis, vacuus; mostly poet.).
    1. A. Absol.: nux, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 137; Hor. S. 2, 5, 36: glans, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 37: canna, unfruitful, Ov. F. 6, 406: granum inane cassumque, Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161: anulus, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15. 6.
      Subst.: palearum cassa, Sol. c. 52 fin.
    2. B. Expressing that of which the subject is empty, etc., wanting, devoid of, deprived of, without.
      1. 1. With abl.: sanguine cassa (cochlea), bloodless, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133; so, virgo dote cassa, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 14: lumine aër, Lucr. 4, 368: lumine corpus, id. 5, 719; 5, 757: animā corpus, id. 3, 562.
        Poet.: cassus lumine (= vitā), deprived of life, dead, Verg. A. 2, 85; imitated by Stat. Th. 2, 15; and in like sense aethere cassus, Verg. A. 11, 104: simulacra cassa sensu, Lucr. 4, 127.
      2. 2. With gen.: cassus luminis ensis, Cic. Arat. 369.
      3. 3. With ab: elementum ab omnibus, App. de Deo Socr. p. 46.
  2. II. Trop., vain, empty, useless, futile, fruitless (syn.: inanis, irritus): cassum quiddam et inani vocis sono decoratum, * Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 119; so, copia verborum, Lucr. 4, 511: vota, Verg. A. 12, 780: fertilitas terrae, Ov. M. 5, 482: fraus, Luc. 5, 130: consilia, Sen. Troad. 570: viae, vain, profitless, Stat. Th. 11, 449: labores, Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 6: manus, without effect, Stat. Th. 9, 770: augur futuri, false, erring, id. ib. 9, 629: omen, id. ib. 5, 318.
    Subst.: cassa, ōrum, n., empty things: palearum, Sol. 52; esp. of speech: cassa memorare, to talk idly, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 16; so, cassa habebantur quae, etc., were thought vain, futile, Tac. H. 3, 55; Sen. Herc. Oet. 352.
    Esp. freq. in poetry (in prose, but not in Cic.), in cassum, or, in one word, incas-sum, adverb., in vain, uselessly, to no purpose: ex multis omnia in cassum cadunt, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 147; cf. Lucr. 2, 1165: temere, in cassum frustraque, without aim or purpose, fortuitously, id. 2, 1060; so id. 5, 1002; 5, 1430: furere, Verg. G. 3, 100: longos ciebat Incassum fletus, id. A. 3, 345: tot incassum fusos patiere labores? id. ib. 7, 421.
    In prose: quae profecto incassum agebantur, Sall. H. 3, 61, 11 Dietsch: vana incassum jactare tela, Liv. 10, 29, 2: incassum missae preces, id. 2, 49, 8: aliquid incassum disserere, Tac. A. 1, 4; Just. 11, 15, 6; Lact. 6, 9, 17; Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1: frustra in cassumque. Mart. Cap. 1, § 10.
    Also cassum: quid cassum times? Sen. Herc. Oet. 353; cf.: μάτην, frustra, nequicquam, cassum, Gloss. Cyrill.

consŭlo, lŭi, ltum, 3, v. n. and a. [from con and root sal-; cf. consul and consilium].

  1. I. To consider, reflect, deliberate, take counsel, reflect upon, consult.
    1. A. Neutr.
      1. 1. In gen.
          1. (α) Absol.: quid nunc? etiam consulis? do you still deliberate, i. e. hesitate? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 171; cf. id. Truc. 2, 4, 75 Speng.: ne quid in consulendo adversi eveniat, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14: consulto opus est, there is need of deliberation, Sall. C. 1, 6: dum tempus consulendi est, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 19: satis facere consulentibus, Cic. Or. 42, 143: ut omnium rerum vobis ad consulendum potestas esset, Liv. 8, 13, 18: ut tot uno tempore motibus animi turbati trepidarent magis quam consulerent, id. 21, 16, 2: praesidium consulenti curiae, Hor. C. 2, 1, 14 et saep.
          2. (β) With in and acc.: consulere in longitudinem, to take thought for the future, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 10: in commune, for the common good, id. And. 3, 3, 16; Liv. 32, 21, 1; Tac. A. 12, 5; id. Agr. 12; Curt. 5, 9, 14; and in the same sense: in medium, Verg. A. 11, 335; Liv. 24, 22, 15; Tac. H. 2, 5; Luc. 5, 46: in unum, Tac. H. 1, 68; 4, 70: in publicum (opp. suscipere proprias simultates), Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 21; Tac. A. 1, 24.
          3. (γ) With de and abl.: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est, Sall. C. 51, 5; so, de communibus negotiis, id. J. 105, 1: de salute suorum, Cic. Sull. 22, 63: omnibus de rebus, Tac. A. 4, 40.
          4. (δ) With ut or ne: consulere vivi ac prospicere debemus, ut illorum (liberorum) solitudo munita sit, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 153: tu ne qua manus se attollere nobis A tergo possit, custodi et consule longe, Verg. A. 9, 322.
            Impers.: ut urbi … satis esset praesidii, consultum atque provisum est, Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26: ne deficerent, consulendum esse, Cels. 3, 4, 31.
      2. 2. Esp., consulere alicui or alicui rei, to take care for some person or thing, to be mindful of, take care of, look to, have regard for, to counsel or consult for: tuae rei bene consulere cupio, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 9: quid me fiat, parvi pendis, dum illi consulas, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 37: qui parti civium consulunt, partem neglegunt, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: consulere eorum commodis et utilitati salutique servire, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27; so, famae, pudicitiae tuae, id. Phil. 2, 2, 3: dignitati meae, id. Fam. 11, 29, 1: suae vitae, Caes. B. G. 7, 12: receptui sibi, id. B. C. 3, 69: reipublicae juxta ac sibi, Sall. C. 37, 8; id. J. 58, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 1: timori magis quam religioni, Caes. B. C. 1, 67; cf.: magis irae quam famae, Sall. C. 51, 7: qui mi consultum optime velit esse, Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 1: mi ires consultum male? to counsel evil or badly, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 36; so, male patriae, Nep. Epam. 10, 1; id. Phoc. 2, 2.
        With si: melius consulet (sibi), si, etc., Cels. 1, 3, 55.
    2. B. Act.
      1. 1. Consulere aliquem (or aliquid), to consult with one, to ask his opinion or advice, to ask counsel of, to consult, question (for the sake of advice).
        1. a. In gen.: cum te consuluissem, quid mihi faciendum esse censeres, Cic. Fam. 11, 29, 1: te, qui philosophum audis, id. ib. 9, 26, 1: Apellem tragoedum, uter, etc., Suet. Calig. 33 al.
          Of inanim. objects: speculum suum, Ov. A. A. 3, 136; cf.: spectatas undas, quid se deceat, id. M. 4, 312: nares, an olerent aera Corinthōn, Mart. 9, 60, 11: diem de gemmis, etc., Ov. A. A. 1, 251 sq.: animum nostrum, Quint. 4, 2, 52: aures meas, id. 9, 4, 93: suas vires, id. 10, 2, 18 al.
          With two accs.: ibo et consulam hanc rem amicos, quid faciundum censeant, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 26: nec te id consulo, Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2: consulere prudentiorem coepi aetates tabularum, Petr. 88.
          Freq.,
        2. b. Esp. as t. t.
          1. (α) In the lang. of religion, to consult a deity, an oracle, omens, etc.: Apollinem de re, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40: deum consuluit auguriis, quae suscipienda essent, Liv. 1, 20, 7: deos hominum fibris, Tac. A. 14, 30 fin.: Phoebi oracula, Ov. M. 3, 9; Suet. Vesp. 5: Tiresiam conjectorem, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 76: haruspicem, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 11; Suet. Tib. 63; Cato, R. R. 5, 4: vates nunc extis, nunc per aves, Liv. 2, 42, 10: Cumaeam anum, Ov. F. 4, 158: avem primum visam augur, id. ib. 1, 180: spirantia exta, Verg. A. 4, 64; so, trepidantia exta, Ov. M. 15, 576: sacras sortes, id. ib. 11, 412: Etrusci haruspices male consulentes, Gell. 4, 5, 5.
            Pass. impers.: si publice consuletur … sin privatim, Tac. G. 10.
            With dependent question: senatus pontificum collegium consuli jussit, num omne id aurum in ludos consumi necessum esset, Liv. 39, 5, 9: consulti per ludibrium pontifices, an concepto necdum edito partu rite nuberet, Tac. A. 1, 10.
          2. (β) In judic. lang., to ask advice of a lawyer, to consult, etc.: quam inanes domus eorum omnium, qui de jure civili consuli solent, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120: consuli quidem te a Caesare scribis: sed ego tibi ab illo consuli mallem, id. Fam. 7, 11, 2: si jus consuleres, peritissimus, Liv. 39, 40, 6: munus hoc eorum qui consuluntur, i. e. who are skilled in the law, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14; so id. Quint. 16, 53.
            With dependent question: consulens eum, an seni jam testato suaderet ordinare suprema judicia, Quint. 6, 3, 92.
            The formula usual in asking advice was, licet consulere? Cic. Mur. 13, 28; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 192.
          3. (γ) In publicists’ lang., to take counsel with the competent authorities, to consult: Quirites, utrum, etc., Liv. 31, 7, 2; so, senatum, Sall. J. 28, 2: senatum de foedere, id. ib. 39, 2; 62, 10: populum de ejus morte, Cic. Mil. 7, 16: plebem in omnia (tribuni), Liv. 6, 39, 2 al.
      2. 2. Aliquid.
        1. a. To take counsel or deliberate upon something, to consider: est consulere quiddam quod tecum volo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 53; id. Pers. 5, 2, 63: rem delatam consulere ordine non licuit, Liv. 2, 28, 2; so, consulere et explorare rem, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 4: consulis rem nulli obscuram, Verg. A. 11, 344 al.: bis repulsi Galli quid agant consulunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 83.
        2. b. To advise something, to give advice: tun’ consulis quicquam? Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 22.
          Absol.: ab re consulit blandiloquentulus, advises to his hurt, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 17.
  2. II. Sometimes meton. (causa pro effectu).
    1. A. To take a resolution, resolve, conclude, determine.
      1. 1. Neutr.; constr. absol. or with de aliquo or in aliquem: de nullis quam de vobis infestius aut inimicius consuluerunt, Liv. 28, 29, 8; so, de perfugis gravius quam de fugitivis, id. 30, 43, 13: in humiliores libidinose crudeliterque consulebatur, id. 3, 36, 7; so, crudeliter in deditos victosque, id. 8, 13, 15; cf. Tac. Agr. 16.
      2. 2. Act.: quid in concilio consuluistis? Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 6: animum ego inducam tamen, ut illud, quod tuam in rem bene conducat, consulam, id. Cist. 3, 4: ne quid gravius de salute tuā consulas, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 1: pessime istuc in te atque in illum consulis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 28: quae reges irā inpulsi male consuluerint, Sall. C. 51, 4: nisi quod de uxore potuit honestius consuli, id. J. 95, 3.
        Pass. impers.: aliter mihi de illis ac de me ipso consulendum est, Cic. Att. 7, 13, 3.
    2. B. With the access. idea of judging, in the connection boni, optimi aliquid consulere, to excuse, take in good part, interpret favorably; be contented, pleased, or satisfied with: sit consul a consulendo vel a judicando: nam et hoc consulere veteres vocaverunt, unde adhuc remanet illud Rogat boni consulas, id est bonum judices, Quint. 1, 6, 32; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 41, 8 Müll.: nemo hoc rex ausus est facere, eane fieri bonis, bono genere gnatis boni consulitis? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: boni consulendum, Varr. L. L. 7, § 40 Müll.: tu haec quaeso consule missa boni, Ov. P. 3, 8, 24; cf. id. Tr. 4, 1, 106; so, nostrum laborem, Quint. 6, prooem. § 16; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 3: hoc munus, Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 8; id. Prov. 2, 4; id. Ep. 9, 20; 17, 9; 88, 17: quaerebat argentum avaritia: boni consuluit interim invenisse minium, Plin. 33, prooem. 2, § 4; 8, 16, 17, § 44: boni et optimi consulere, App. M. 8, p. 205, 28.
      Hence,
      1. 1. consultus, a, um, P. a.
    1. A. Well considered or weighed, deliberated upon, maturely pondered: bene consultum consilium surripitur saepissume, si minus, etc., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 5 sq.: ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, consulta ad nos et exquisita deferunt, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 250: neque eam usquam invenio, neque quo eam, neque quā quaeram consultum’st, I know neither, etc., Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 6: operā consultā, with mature reflection, Gell. 7 (6), 17, 3; in the same sense, consulto consilio, Paul. Sent. 1, 9, 6: consultius est huic poenalem quoque stipulationem subjungere, it is better. more advantageous, Dig. 2, 15, 15.
    2. B. (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Knowing, skilful, experienced, practised, esp. in law; skilled or learned in the law: non ille magis juris consultus quam justitiae fuit, Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 10: juris atque eloquentiae, Liv. 10, 22, 7: consultissimus vir omnis divini atque humani juris, id. 1, 18, 1; cf. Gell. 1, 13, 10: insanientis sapientiae, Hor. C. 1, 34, 3: universae disciplinae, Col. 11, 1, 12.
      Hence, subst.: consultus, i, m., a lawyer: tu consultus modo rusticus, Hor. S. 1, 1, 17; id. Ep 2, 2, 87; 2, 2, 159; Ov. A. A. 1, 83.
      Esp. with juris, often written as one word, jūrisconsultus, i, m., v. h. v.
      Absol.: ut natura non disciplinā consultus esse videatur, Cic. Caecin. 27, 78: consultorum alterum disertissimum, disertorum alterum consultissimum fuisse, id. Brut. 40, 148: consultiores sibimet videntur Deo, Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 2.
      1. 2. Subst.: consultum, i, n.
    1. A. (Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) A consultation, inquiry of a deity: Sostratus (sacerdos) ubi laeta et congruentia exta magnisque consultis annuere deam videt, etc., Tac. H. 2, 4.
    2. B. (Acc. to II.) A decree, decision, resolution, plan; so first, Senatus consultum, or in one word, Senatusconsul-tum, a decree of the Senate (most freq. in all periods; the senatus consulta were not, like the plebiscita, the supreme law of the republic; but under the emperors, all new laws took this form, v. esp. Sandars, Introd., Just. Inst. § 15; 1, 2, 5), Sall. C. 42, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149: senatus consultum est quod senatus jubet atque constituit, nam cum auctus esset populus Romanus … aequum visum est senatum vice populi consuli, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5; for which, consulta Patrum, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 41.
      Of a decree of the Sicilian council: ne senatus consultum Siculi homines facere possent, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 146.
      Also in other connections: facta et consulta fortium et sapientium, Cic. Leg. 1, 24, 62; cf.: facta consultaque Alexandri, Sall. H. 3, 7 Dietsch: consulta et decreta, id. J. 11, 5: consulta sese omnia cum illo integra habere, all objects of consultation, plans, id. ib. 108, 2; cf.: ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque, plans, Liv. 25, 16, 4; and: approbare collegam consulta, id. 10, 39, 10: dum consulta petis, responses, oracles, divinations, Verg. A. 6, 151: tua magna, decisions, id. ib. 11, 410; so, mollia, Tac. A. 1, 40: mala, id. ib. 6, 6: ex consulto factum, purposely, voluntarily, Auct. Her. 2, 30, 49.
      Hence, adv., considerately, deliberately, designedly, on purpose.
          1. (α) Form consultō (class. in prose and poetry): utrum perturbatione aliquā animi an consulto et cogitata fiat injuria, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 43; Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 85; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25; Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 37; Sall. J. 60, 5; 64, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 19; Tac. A. 4, 16; Suet. Caes. 56; * Hor. S. 1, 10, 14 al.
          2. (β) Form consultē (mostly ante- and post-class.): qui consulte, docte atque astute cavet, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14: caute atque consulte gesta, Liv. 22, 38, 11; Spart. Had. 2.
            Comp., Liv. 22, 24, 3; Tac. H. 2, 24.
            Sup., Capitol. Pert. 7.

Dĭāna (in inscrr. also, DEANA, Orell. 1453; 1462; 1546. Also written Jana, Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 3; cf. Nigid. ap. Macr. S. 1, 9. The

  1. I. i measured long, Cinna ap. Suet. Gramm. 11; Verg. A. 1, 499; Hor. C. 1, 21, 1; cf. Diom. p. 436 P.; hence also, Deiana, Enn. ap. Ap. de Deo Socr.), ae, f. [for Divana, Gr. Διώνη for Διϝωνη; root DI-, DIV-; cf. Gr. Ζεύς, also Jovis (Diovis), Deus, dies, divus, etc.], orig. an Italian divinity, afterwards regarded as identical with the Gr. Ἄρτεμις, the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, the sister of Apollo, the virgin moon-goddess (Luna), the patroness of virginity, and the presider over child-birth (in this character she is called Lucina), the chase, and nocturnal incantations (on this account her statues were three-formed, and set up in the trivia), Cic. N. D. 2, 27; 3, 23; Catull. 34; Hor. Od. 3, 22; id. Carm. Sec. 1; 70; Tib. 4, 3, 19; Ov. F. 2, 155; Verg. A. 4, 511 et passim: quem urguet iracunda Diana, of an epileptic, Hor. A. P. 453.
    1. B. Meton.
      1. 1. The moon: nocturnae forma, Ov. M. 15, 196 (cf.: reparabat cornua Phoebe, id. ib. 1, 11).
      2. 2. The chase, Mart. Spect. 12 (cf. Verg. A. 11, 582).
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Dĭānĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Diana: turba, i. e. dogs, Ov. F. 5, 141; cf. arma, i. e. hunting equipments, Grat. Cyneg. 253.
        1. b. Subst., Diānium, ii, n.
          1. (α) A place or temple sacred to Diana, Liv. 1, 48; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 74, 12 Müll.
          2. (β) A promontory in Spain, now Denia, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34 Zumpt N. cr.; cf. Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 76.
    2. B. Dĭānārĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Diana: radix, i. q. artemisia, the plant mug-wort or artemisia, Veg. A. V. 3, 6, 7; 5, 32, 4.
    3. C. Dĭānātĭcus, i, m., a devotee of Diana, Maxim. Taur. ap. Murat. Anecd. Lat. 4, p. 100.

Hĭbēres (less correctly, Ibēres), um, m., = Ἴβηρες.

  1. I. Iberians, the Greek name for Spaniards, Cat. 9, 6.
    In sing. collect.: me peritus Discet Hiber Rhodanique potor, Hor. C. 2, 20, 20: durus Iber, Luc. 6, 258.
    Hence,
    1. A. Hĭbērus (Ib-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Iberians or Spaniards, Iberian, Spanish: gurges, i. e. the Western Ocean, Verg. A. 11, 913; Ov. M. 7, 324: minium, Prop. 2, 3, 11: piscis, i. e. scomber, Hor. S. 2, 8, 46: pastor, i. e. Geryon, Ov. M. 9, 184; cf. vaccae, i. e. Geryon’s, id. F. 6, 519: lorica, Hor. C. 1, 29, 15; cf. nodi, Stat. Th. 4, 266.
      As subst.
      1. 1. Hĭbērus (Ib-), i, m., = Ἴβηρος, the river Iberus in Spain, now the Ebro, Mel. 2, 6, 5; Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 21; 4, 20, 34, § 111; Caes. B. C. 1, 60; Liv. 21, 2; 5; Luc. 4, 23.
      2. 2. Hĭ-bēri (Ib-), ōrum, m., = Hiberes, the Iberians, Spaniards, Verg. G. 3, 408.
    2. B. Hĭ-bērĭa (Ib-), ae, f., = Ἰβηρία, Iberia, the Greek name of Spain, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 21; Hor. C. 4, 5, 28; 4, 14, 50.
    3. C. Hĭbērĭcus (Ib-), a, um, adj., Iberic, Spanish: mare, on the eastern side of Spain, Col. 8, 16, 9; Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6; 4, 20, 34, § 110: terrae, Sid. Carm. 23, 164: funes, Hor. Epod. 4, 3.
    4. D. Hĭbērĭăcus (Ib-), a, um, adj., Iberic, Spanish: terrae, Sil. 13, 510.
    5. E. Hĭbē-rīna, ae, f., a female Iberian, a Spanish woman, Juv. 6, 53.
  2. II. An Asiatic people near Mount Caucasus, neighbors of the Colchians, in modern Georgia, Mel. 3, 5, 6.
    In sing. collect.: Armeniae praetentus Hiber, Val. Fl. 5, 166; so id. 6, 750.
    Called also Hĭbērĭ, ōrum, Mel. 1, 2, 5; Tac. A. 6, 33; Flor. 3, 5, 21.
    And sing., Hĭbērus, i, m., an Iberian, Val. Fl. 7, 235.
    Hence, Hĭbērĭa (Ib-), ae, f., the country of Iberia, near the Caucasus (now Georgia), Plin. 6, 4, 4, § 12; 6, 10, 11, § 29; 6, 13, 15, § 40; Hor. Epod. 5, 21; Val. Fl. 6, 120.

Hĭbernĭa, ae, f. (= Ἰουερνία Ptol.), the island now called Ireland, Caes. B. G. 5, 13, 2; Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103; Tac. Agr. 24.
Also called Iverna, ae, Mel. 3, 6, 6: Ju-verna, ae, Juv. 2, 160; and (acc. to the Gr. form Ἰέρνη Strab.) Ierna, ae, App. de Mundo, p. 60; and Iernē, ēs, Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 251; IV. Cons. Hon. 33.

hibrĭda or hybrĭda (ibr-), ae, comm. [most prob. kindred with ὑβρίζω, ὕβρις, qs. unbridled, lawless, unnatural; hence], of animals produced from two different species, a mongrel, hybrid.

  1. I. Lit.: in nullo genere aeque facilis mixtura cum fero (quam in suibus), qualiter natos antiqui hybridas vocabant ceu semiferos, Plin. 8, 53, 79, § 213.
  2. II. Transf., of persons, one born of a Roman father and a foreign mother, or of a freeman and a slave: ibique postea ex hybridis, libertinis servisque conscripserat, Auct. B. Afr. 19, 4: hybrida quo pacto sit Persius ultus, Hor. S. 1, 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 19; Mart. 6, 39, 20; 8, 22: Q. Varius propter obscurum jus civitatis Hibrida cognominatus, Val. Max. 8, 6, 4.

Hĭĕrĭcūs, untis, f., = Ἱερικοῦς, the city of Jericho, in Palestine, Plin. 5, 14, 15, § 70; 13, 4, 9, § 44.
Also called Jĕrĭcho, = Ἱεριχώ, Prud. Psych. 536; acc. Jerichon, Prud. Ham. 480 Dressel.

Hīlōtae, ārum, m., = Εἵλωτες, the original inhabitants of the city Helos (Ἕλος), in Laconia, afterwards the bondsmen of the Spartans, the Helots, Nep. Paus. 3, 6.
Called also Ilotae, ārum, Liv. 34, 27, 9.

hir or ir, indecl. n. [from χείρ, like heres from χῆρος, and hiems from χεῖμα, χειμών], a hand: quibu’ vinum Defusum e pleno siet, ir siphove, cui nil Dempsit, i. e. the palm of the hand, used in tasting wine, Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23; cf. Charis. p. 12 P.; Prisc. p. 648 ib.; 698 ib.

hircus (also hircŭus and ircus; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 20; and the Sabine form, FIRCUS, Varr. L. L. 5, § 97 Müll.; cf. haedus init.), i, m., a he-goat, buck (cf. haedus, caper).

  1. I. Lit., Verg. E. 3, 8; 91; id. G. 3, 312; Hor. Epod. 16, 34; id. A. P. 220 (Plin. 37, 4, 15, § 60: foedissimum animalium).
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Like caper, a goatish smell, the rank smell of the armpits: hircum ab alis (sapere), Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 48: alarum, Cat. 71, 1: an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis, Hor. Epod. 12, 5: pastillos Rufillus olet, Gargonius hircum, id. S. 1, 2, 27; 1, 4, 92.
    2. B. An epithet applied to a filthy person: hircus, hara suis, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 38: propter operam illius hirqui improbi edentuli, id. Cas. 3, 2, 20.
    3. C. Of voluptuous persons, id. Merc. 2, 2, 1; 4; Cat. 37, 5; Poët. Atell. ap. Suet. Tib. 45.

hirnĕa (also irnea), ae, f., a jug for holding liquids, Cato, R. R. 81; Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273; 276.

Hirpīni (Irpīni), ōrum, m.,

  1. I. a people of Lower Italy, between Campania, Lucania, and Apulia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 99; Liv. 22, 61, 11; 23, 37; 27, 15: in Hirpinis, in the territory of the Hirpini, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79; Plin. 2, 93, 95, § 208; so, ex Hirpinis, Liv. 22, 13 init.: in Hirpinis, id. 23, 1.
  2. II. Deriv. Hirpīnus (Irp-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Hirpini: ager, fundus, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8: pubes, Sil. 8, 571.

‡ hirpus or irpus, in the Sabine lang., the wolf, Paul. ex Fest. p. 106, 1 Müll.; Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 785.

hirrĭo (irrio), īre, v. n., of dogs, to snarl: hirrire = garrire, quod genus vocis est canis rabiosae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 101 Müll. N. cr.; cf.: hirrit ὅταν κύων ἀπειλῇ ὑλακτῶν, Gloss. Philox.: veluti est canibus innatum, ut, etsi non latrant, tamen hirriant, Sid. Ep. 7, 3; Diom. 367 P.

* hirrītus (irr-), ūs, m. [hirrio], a snarling of dogs, Sid. Ep. 9, 16 in carm.

hisdem (prop. isdem), v. idem init.

1. Hister, tri (less correctly Ister), m., = Ἴστρος, the lower part of the Danube (the upper part, Danubius).

  1. I. Prop.
    1. A. In gen.: Ponticum simul et Hadriaticum mare et Histrum amnem et Alpes conspici posse, Liv. 40, 21: turbidus et torquens flaventes Hister arenas, Verg. G. 3, 350: stat vetus urbs, ripae vicina binominis Histri, Ov. P. 1, 8, 11.
    2. B. Esp.: Histro fallacior, an epithet applied by Tertullian to Marcion; because the river, on account of its strong eddies and many mouths, was dangerous to the navigator, Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 1.
  2. II. Meton., one who dwells on the Danube: collo triumphati proculcat Honorius Histri, Claud. VI. Cons. Honor. 648: aut tibi captivo famulus mittetur ab Histro, Mart. 7, 79, 11.

Histri (less correctly Istri), ōrum, m., the people of Istria, Istrians, a barbarous Illyrian tribe subdued by the Romans B. C. 177: principes Histrorum, Liv. 41, 11; Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 129: Histrorum gentem originem a Colchis ducere, Just. 32, 3, 13: per Histros Hister emittitur, Mel. 2, 3 fin.
Hence, Histria (Istria), ae, f., a country on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea, extending from Trieste to the Sinus Flanaticus: Histria ut peninsula excurrit, Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 129; Liv. 39, 55.
Derivv.

  1. A. Histriāni (Ist-), ōrum, m., the people of Istria, Just. 9, 2, 1.
  2. B. Histrĭ-cus (Ist-), a, um, adj., Istrian, of Istria: bellum, Liv. 39, 55; 41, 1; 11: ostrea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 62.
  3. C. Histrus, a, um, adj., Istrian: testa, Mart. 12, 64, 2.

† hyoscyămus, i, m., = ὑοσκύαμος, the herb henbane, called also Apollinaris and altercum, Plin. 25, 4, 17, § 35; Cels. 5, 27, 14; Col. 6, 38, 3.
In a corrupted form: jusquiamus, i, m., Pall. 1, 35, 5; Veg. Vet. 2, 12, 5.

I, i, the ninth letter of the Latin alphabet, a vowel; for even the old grammarians distinguished it from the consonant written with the same character; see the letter J. The short i is, next to ë, the least emphatic of the Latin vowels, and serves, corresp. to the Gr. o, as a connecting sound in forming compounds: aerĭfodina, aerĭpes, altitudo, altĭsonus, arcitenens, homĭcida, etc. It is often inserted in Latin words derived from Greek: mina, techina, cucinus, lucinus (for mna, techna, cycnus, lychnus, etc.); cf. Ritschl, Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; 10, p. 447 sq. And in similar manner inserted in arguiturus, abnuiturus, etc. The vowel i is most closely related to u, and hence the transition of the latter into the former took place not only by assimilation into a following i, as similis, together with simul and simultas; facilis, together with facul and facultas; familia, together with famul and famulus; but also simply for greater ease of utterance; so that, from the class. per. onward, we find i written in the place of the older u: optimus, maximus, finitimus, satira, lacrima, libet, libido, etc., instead of the earlier optumus, maxumus, finitumus, satura, lacruma, lubet, lubido, etc.; cf. also the archaic genitives cererus, venerus, honorus, nominus, etc., for the later Cereris, Veneris, honoris, nominis, etc., the archaic orthography caputalis for capitalis, etc. For the relation of i to a and e, see those letters. Examples of commutation between i and o are rare: -agnitus, cognitus, together with notus, ilico from in loco, the archaic forms ollus, ollic for ille, illic, and inversely, sispes and sispita for sospes and sospita. As an abbreviation, I (as the sign of the vowel i) denotes in, infra, ipse, Isis, etc.: IDQ iidemque, I. H. F. C. ipsius heres faciendum curavit, IM. immunis, IMP. imperium, imperator, etc. The capital letter I is often confounded with the numeral I. (unus, primus).

Ĭacchus, i, m., = Ἴακχος.

  1. I. A poetic and mystical appellation of Bacchus, Verg. E. 7, 61; id. G. 1, 166; Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34; Cat. 64, 251; Ov. M. 4, 15.
  2. II. Poet. transf., like Bacchus, wine: (Silenum) Inflatum hesterno venas, ut semper, Iaccho, Verg. E. 6, 15: multo madefactus, Col. poët. 10, 309.

Ĭādĕra, ae, f.,

  1. I. a city of Illyria, now Zara, Mel. 2, 3, 13; also called Ĭāder, Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 152; 3, 21, 25, § 140 al.; Luc. 4, 405.
    Hence,
  2. II. Ĭādertīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of ladera, Auct. B. Alex. 42.

Ĭaera, ae, f., = Ἴαιρα, the name of a sea-nymph or Nereid, Hom. Il. 18, 42; but Lat. only as the name of an Oread or woodnymph: sylvestris, Verg. A. 9, 673; Hyg. Fab. praef.

Ĭālysus- or -os, i, m., = Ἰάλυσος.

  1. I. A son of the fourth Sol, acc. to Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 54; a famous picture of him by Protogenes, at Rhodes, afterwards in Rome, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135; id. Or. 2, 5; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 102; Gell. 15, 31, 3.
  2. II. f., an ancient city of Rhodes, now the village of Ialiso, Mel. 2, 7, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 35, § 132.
    Hence,
    1. B. Deriv. Ĭālysĭus, a, um, adj., of lalysus: Telchines, Ov. M. 7, 365.

ĭambĕlĕgus, a, um, adj., = ἰαμβέλεγος, consisting of an iambic measure (diiambus) hypercatalectic and a dactylic penthemimeris: metrum, Serv. de Cent. Met. 9, § 17.

† ĭambēus, a, um, adj., = ἰαμβεῖος, iambic: trimetri, Hor. A. P. 253.

ĭambĭcĭnus, a, um, adj. [iambus], iambic: numerus, Mart. Cap. 9, § 977 al.

† ĭambĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἰαμβικός, iambic: pes, Diom. p. 473 P.: versus, id. p. 516 sq.; ib. et saep.

Ĭamblĭchus, i, m., = Ἰάμβλιχος, an Arabian emir, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 2.

† ĭambus, i, m., = ἴαμβος, an iambic foot, an iambus.

  1. I. Lit., Hor. A. P. 251; Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182; id. Or. 57, 192; Quint. 9, 4, 47; 48; 80; Diom. p. 473 P. et saep.
  2. II. Transf., an iambic poem, iambic poetry: quem Hipponactis iambus laeserat aut qui erat Archilochi versu vulneratus, Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91; so in sing., Hor. A. P. 79; Quint. 10, 1, 96.
    In plur., Hor. C. 1, 16, 3; 24; id. Ep. 1, 19, 23; 2, 2, 59; Quint. 10, 1, 9; 59.

Ĭămĭdae, ārum, m., the descendants of Iamus, son of Apollo, Cic. div. 1, 41, 91.

Ĭamphŏrȳna (-īna, -ynna), ae, f., the capital of the Mœdi in Macedonia, now Vrania or Ivorina, in the upper valley of the Moráva, Liv. 26, 25, 8.

Ĭanthē, ēs, f., daughter of Telestes, in Creta, Ov. M. 9, 715 sq.

† ĭanthĭnus, a, um, adj., = ἰάνθινος, violet-blue, violet-: color, Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 45: vestis, id. 21, 6, 14, § 27.
Subst.: ĭan-thĭnum, i, n., violet, the color, Dig. 32, 70, § 13.
Plur.: ĭanthĭna, ōrum, violet-colored garments, Mart. 2, 39, 1.

† ĭanthis, ĭdis, f., = ἰανθίς, a violetcolored flower, Marc. Emp. 17.

Ĭāpĕtĭdes, ae, m., a player on the cithara, Ov. M. 5, 111.

Īăpĕtus, i, m., = Ἰαπετός,

  1. I. a Titan, son of Uranos and Gœa, the father of Atlas, Prometheus, and Epimetheus, Hyg. F. praef.; 54; 142; 144; Verg. G. 1, 279; Lact. 2, 10, 7 sq.: satus Iapeto, i. e. Prometheus, Ov. M. 1, 82; called also Iapeti genus, Hor. C. 1, 3, 27.
  2. II. Deriv. Īăpĕtīŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Iapetus: Atlas, Ov. M. 4, 632: fratres gemini, i. e. Prometheus and Epimetneus, Claud. Eutr. 2, 49.

Ĭāpis, ĭdis, m., the physician of Æneas, Verg. A. 12, 391; Aus. Epigr. 19.

Ĭāpydes, um, m., = Ἰάπυδες,

  1. I. a people of Illyria, in the present military frontier of Croatia, Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 127; Liv. 43, 5; Cic. Balb. 14, 32.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. Ĭāpys, ydis, adj., of or belonging to the Iapydes: Iapydis arva Timavi, Verg. G. 3, 475.
    2. B. Ĭāpydĭa, the country of the Iapydes, Plin. 3, 21, 25, § 140; Tib. 4, 1, 108; called Iāpŭ-dia, Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 11 Dietsch.

Iapygēŭs, v. Iapyx, II. B. 3.

Iāpys, ydis, v. Iapydes, II. B.

Ĭāpyx, ygis, m., = Ἰάπυξ,

  1. I. a son of Dœdalus, who ruled in Southern Italy (Apulia or Calabria), Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 102; Ov. M. 15, 52.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. A river in the south of Italy, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 102.
      2. 2. A wind that blows in the south of Italy, the west-northwest of the Greeks, Hor. C. 1, 3, 4; Verg. A. 8, 710.
  2. II. Deriv. Ĭāpygĭa, ae, f., that part of Southern Italy (Apulia or Calabria) over which Iapyx ruled, Iapygia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 102; Ov. M. 15, 703; Serv. Verg. G. 3, 475.
    1. B. Derivv.
      1. 1. Ĭāpygĭus, a, um, adj., Iapygian: Acra, a promontory on the eastern extremity of the Tarentine Gulf, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 100.
      2. 2. Ĭāpyx, ygis, adj., Iapygian, also for Apulian, Calabrian: campus, Sil. 1, 51; 3, 707: equus, Verg. A. 11, 678: Garganus, id. ib. 11, 247: Daunus, as king of Apulia, Ov. M. 14, 458; 510.
      3. 3. Ĭāpygēus, i, m. (sc. ventus), the wind usually called Iapyx (v. supra), App. de Mundo, p. 63, 20.

Ĭarba, Iarbas, or Hĭarbas, ae, m., a king of Mauritania, Ov. F. 3, 552 sq.; Verg. A. 4, 36; Juv. 5, 45.
Hence, Ĭarbī-ta, ae, m., a Mauritanian, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 15; cf. respecting him, Weichert: De Iarbita Timagenis aemulatore, Grimm. 1821.

Ĭardănis, ĭdis, f., the daughter of Iardanus, i. e. Omphale, Ov. H. 9, 103.

Īăsĭdes, ae, v. 1. Iasius, II. B. b.

Īăsĭon, v. 1. Iasius, I.

† īăsĭōnē, ēs, f., = ἰασιώνη, a plant bearing a white flower, perhaps bind-weed: Convolvulus sepium, Linn.; Plin. 21, 17, 65, § 105; 22, 22, 39, § 82.

Īăsis, ĭdis, f., v. 1. Iasius, II. B. c.

1. Īăsĭus, ĭi, m., = Ἰάσιος.

  1. I. Son of Jupiter and Electra, beloved of Ceres, Verg. A. 3, 168; Ov. Am. 3, 10, 25.
    Called also Īăsĭon, Ov. M. 9, 423; id. Tr. 2, 300; Hyg. F. 270; id. Astr. 2, 22.
  2. II. King of Argos and father of Atalanta, Hyg. F. 70.
    1. B. Derivv.
        1. a. Īăsĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Iasius, Iasian, poet. for Argive: virgo, i. e. Io, daughter of the Argive king Inachus, Val. Fl. 4, 353.
        2. b. Īăsĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Iasius: Palinurus, Verg. A. 5, 843; applied to Adrastus, Stat. Th. 1, 541.
        3. c. Īăsis, idos, f., the daughter of Iasius, i. e. Atalanta, Prop. 1, 1, 10.

2. Īăsĭus, a, um.

        1. a. Of or belonging to Iasius; v. 1. Iasius, II. B. a.
        2. b. Of or belonging to the city of Iassus; v. Iassus, II. A.

Ĭāson or Ĭāso (e. g. Mel. 1, 19, 5), ŏnis, m., = Ἰάσων.

  1. I. Jason, a famous Grecian hero, son of Æson, king of Thessaly, the leader of the Argonauts, a sharer in the Calydonian boar-hunt, the husband of Medea, and afterwards of Crĕūsa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Ov. M. 7, 5 sq.; 8, 301; 348; Val. Fl. et saep.; Hyg. F. 12, 14; 16: quo jam mercator Iason clausus et armatis obstat casa candida nautis, i. e. when the fresco in the portico of Agrippa, representing Jason and his sailors, is hidden by the white canvas tents of the dealers at the fancy fair, Juv. 6, 153 sq.
    Also, the name of a poem by Varro Atacinus, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 85.
    1. B. Derivv.
      1. 1. Ĭāsŏnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Jason: carina, i. e. the ship Argo, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 19), 45: remige, i. e. Argonautic, Ov. P. 3, 1, 1.
      2. 2. Ĭāsŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Jason: juvenes, i. e. Thoas and Euneus, sons of Jason, Stat. Th. 6, 340.
  2. II. A ruler of Pherœ, in Thessaly, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. N. D. 3, 28, 70; Val. Max. 9, 10; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.

† ĭaspăchātes, ae, m., = ἰασπαχάτης, a sort of agate, jasper-agate, Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 139.

ĭaspĭdēŭs, a, um, adj. [iaspis], of the jasper kind, jasper-like: gemmae, Plin. 37, 10, 56, § 156.

† ĭaspis, ĭdis, f., = ἴασπις, a green-colored precious stone, jasper, Plin. 37, 8, 37, § 115; Mart. 5, 11, 1; 9, 60, 20: fulva, Verg. A. 4, 261.
As a term of endearment: vale (Maecenas), mel gentium, Cilniorum smaragde, iaspi figulorum, berylle Porsenae, Aug. ap. Macr. S. 2, 4, 12.
Hence,

ĭaspĭus, a, um, adj. [iaspis], of jasper: lapilli, Anth. Lat. 1, p. 413 Burm.

† ĭaspŏnyx, ychis, f., = ἰασπόνυξ, a sort of jasper, jasper-onyx, Plin. 37, 9, 37, § 118.

Ĭassus or Ĭāsus, i, f., = Ἰασσός or Ἰᾶσός,

  1. I. an ancient and wealthy town on the coast of Caria, now Askem or Asyn Kalessi, Plin. 5, 29, 29, § 107; 9, 8, 8, § 27; Liv. 32, 33; 33, 30; 37, 17.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Ĭassĭus or Ĭāsĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Iassus, Iassian: sinus. Mel. 1, 16 fin.; Plin. 5, 29, 29, § 107.
    2. B. Ĭas-senses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of Iassus, Iassians, Liv. 37, 17.

† ĭātrălipta or -es, ae, m., = ἰατραλείπτης, a physician who cures by anointing, an ointment-doctor, Cels. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 4, 1; Petr. 28, 3.

† ĭātrăliptĭcē or ĭātrăleptĭcē, ēs, f., = ἰατραλειπτική, the art of healing with ointments, the ointment-cure, Plin. 29, 1, 2, § 4; cf. the preced. art.‡ † ĭātrŏmēa, ae, f., = ἰατρόμαια, a female physician, midwife, Inscr. Orell. 4232.

† ĭātrŏnīces, ae, m., = ἰατρονίκης, the conqueror of physicians, Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 9.

Ĭarartes, is, m., = Ἰαξάρτης, a river of Central Asia, now Syr-Daria (i. e. Yellow River), Mel. 3, 5, 6; Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 36 al.

Ĭāzyges or Jāzyges (trisyl.), um, m., = Ἰάζυγες, a sarmatian people on the Danube, Plin. 4, 12, 25, § 80; Tac. A. 12, 29; Ov. Tr. 2, 191; id. P. 4, 7, 9.

Iber, v. Hiberes.

Ĭbēres, v. Hiberes.

† ĭbēris, idis, f., = ἰβηρίς, a kind of cress, Plin. 25, 8, 49, § 87; App. Herb. 20.

Ibērus (Hib-), a, um, and i, v. Hiberes, I. A. l. and ll.

ībex, ĭcis, m., a kind of goat, the chamois, Plin. 8, 53, 79, § 214; Isid. Orig. 12, 1; Hier. Job, 31, 1.

ĭbī̆, adv. [from the pronom. root I, is, with dat. ending as in tibi, sibi, in loc. sense as in ubi; cf. Sanscr. suffix bhjam; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 169], in that place, there, = ἐνταῦθα (cf. istic).

  1. I. Lit., in space: ibi cenavi atque ibi quievi in navi noctem perpetem, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 100; tandem abii ad praetorem. Ibi vix requievi, id. Capt. 2, 2, 6: nempe in foro? De. Ibi, id. As. 1, 1, 104: in Asiam hinc abii, atque ibi, etc., Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 59: Demaratus fugit Tarquinios Corintho et ibi suas fortunas constituit, Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 109; Ov. M. 1, 316: aedificabat in summa Velia: ibi alto atque munito loco arcem inexpugnabilem fore, Liv. 2, 7, 6: erit haec differentia inter hoc edictum et superius, quod ibi de eo damno praetor loquitur, etc., Dig. 47, 8, 4, § 6: musca est meus pater … nec sacrum nec tam profanum quicquamst, quin ibi ilico adsit, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27: ut illa, quae dicimus, non domo attulisse, sed ibi protinus sumpsisse videamur, there, on the spot, Quint. 11, 2, 46; 4, 1, 54; 12, 9, 19: in eo flumine pons erat. Ibi praesidium ponit, Caes. B. C. 1, 47.
    In common speech, sometimes pleonastic, with the name of a place: in medio propter canalem, ibi ostentatores meri, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 15; 19; 22; id. Cist. 1, 1, 18; cf.: illic ibi demum’st locus, ubi, etc., id. Capt. 5, 4, 3.
    With corresp. relative adverbs, ubi, unde, etc.: nam ubi tu profusus, ibi ego me pervelim sepultam, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 7: nemo est, quin ubivis quam ibi, ubi est, esse malit, Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 1; cf.: ibi esse, ubi, etc., id. ib. 1, 10: ubi tyrannus est, ibi … dicendum est plane nullam esse rem publicam, id. Rep. 3, 31: multa intelleges meliora apud nos multo esse facta quam ibi fuissent, unde huc translata essent, id. ib. 2, 16.
    So with quo loco, etc.: quo loco maxime umor intus perseverabit, ibi pus proximum erit, Cels. 8, 9; cf.: quacumque equo invectus est, ibi haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant, Liv. 8, 9, 12: quo descenderant, ibi processerunt longe, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 5.
    With gen.: ibi loci terrarum orbe portis discluso, Plin. 6, 11, 12, § 30.
    Post-class. of vessels, etc., therein (= in eis): qui sciens vasa vitiosa commodavit, si ibi infusum vinum est, etc., Dig. 13, 6, 18, § 3.
    Post-class. and very rarely with verbs of motion (for eo): et cum ibi venerimus, there, thither, Dig. 1, 2, 1 fin.; cf. ibidem.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of time, then, thereupon (mostly ante-class. and poet., but freq. in Liv.): invocat deos inmortales: ibi continuo contonat Sonitu maxumo, etc., Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 41 sq.; cf.: ubi … ibi, ib. 11: postquam … ibi, ib. v. 39 sq.: ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia circum, Verg. A. 2, 792: ibi infit, etc., Liv. 3, 71, 6: nec moram ullam, quin ducat, dari: Ibi demum ita aegre tulit, ut, etc., then for the first time, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53: ibi postquam laborare aciem Calpurnius vidit, Liv. 39, 31, 4.
      With cum: ibi cum alii mores et instituta eorum eluderent, Liv. 40, 5, 7: ibi cum de re publica retulisset, id. 22, 1, 4.
      With corresp. ubi: ille ubi miser famelicus videt, me tam facile victum quaerere, ibi homo coepit me obsecrare, etc., Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 30: non voco (te patrem): Ubi voles pater esse, ibi esto, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 25.
      Pleonastically with tum: tum ibi nescio quis me arripit, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 352 Vahl.): cum Aebutius Caecinae malum minaretur, ibi tum Caecinam postulasse, etc., Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.: ibi nunc (colloq.), Plaut. Am. prol. 135; id. Curc. 3, 68.
    2. B. Of other relations, there, in that matter, on that occasion, in that condition (class.): nolite ibi nimiam spem habere, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1: numquid ego ibi peccavi? Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 23: at pol ego ibi sum, esse ubi miserum hominem decet, id. Bacch. 5, 1, 21: si quid est, quod ad testes reservet, ibi nos quoque paratiores reperiet, Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82: ibi fortunae veniam damus, in that case, Juv. 11, 176: huic ab adulescentia bella intestina, caedes, rapinae, discordia civilis grata fuere, ibique juventutem suam exercuit, in these things, Sall. C. 5, 2; Quint. 2, 2, 12: non poterat ibi esse quaestio, id. 7, 1, 5: subsensi illos ibi esse et id agere inter se clanculum, to be at it, busy about it, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 63: ibi esse, id. ib. 5, 2, 30; cf.: cecinere vates, cujus civitatis eam civis Dianae immolasset, ibi fore imperium, i. e. in that state, Liv. 1, 45, 5: ibi imperium fore, unde victoria fuerit, id. 1, 24, 2: et interdum in sanctionibus adicitur, ut qui ibi aliquid commisit, capite puniatur, i. e. in his sanctionibus, Dig. 1, 8, 9, § 3.
      1. 2. Of persons, in or with him or her (very rare): duxi uxorem; quam ibi miseriam vidi! Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 13 (cf.: ibi inquit, quasi uxor locus sit, Don. ad loc.); cf.: nil ibi majorum respectus, Juv. 8, 64.
      2. 3. Esp., law t. t.: tunc ibi, then and there, in the state of affairs then existing: de eo, quaque ille tunc ibi habuit, tantummodo, intra annum … judicium dabo, Dig. 43, 16, 1 praef.; cf.: ibi autem ait praetor, ut ne quis et quae illic non habuit, complectatur, ib. § 37 sq.

ĭbīdem (always ĭbĭdem in Plaut.; v. infra; so Juvenc. 3, 80; Paul. Nol. Carm. 19, 48), adv. [ibi, with demonstr. suff. dem, as in idem, tandem, tantundem, etc.], in the same place, in that very place, just there.

  1. I. Lit., in space: sarmenta concidito minute et ibidem inarato, Cato, R. R. 37, 3: cenati discubuerunt ibidem, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: ille, cujus merces erant, in gladium ibidem incumberet, id. ib. 2, 51, 154: quod ibidem recte custodire poterunt, id ibidem custodiant, id. Quint. 27, 84: ne hīc ibidem ante oculos vestros trucidetur, id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: ego ibidem has inter cenam exaravi, i. e. on the spot, immediately, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 58: cum ibidem invenire fingimus, Quint. 9, 2, 60 Spald. N. cr.; cf. ibi, I.: pede terram Crebra ferit: demissae aures, incertus ibidem Sudor, i. e. circa aures, Verg. G. 3, 500.
    With a corresp. ubi: ubi amici, ibidem opes, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 31: ibidem divitiarum cupido est, ubi et usus, Just. 2, 2.
    With gen.: si redierit Illa ad hunc, ibidem loci res erit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 53.
    With a verb of motion (for eodem): egomet me cum illis una ibidem traho, I reckon myself among them, on the same plane with them, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 166: St. Quid, quod dedisti scortis? Le. Ibidem una traho, to that very account, id. ib. 2, 4, 10.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of time, in that very moment (= paene eodem temporis momento): Deinde ibidem homo acutus, cum illud occurreret, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19 Madv.; so, deinde ibidem, id. Ac. 2, 14, 44; cf.: ibidem ilico puer abs te cum epistulis, id. Att. 2, 12, 2.
    2. B. Of other relations, in the same matter: tibi ibidem das. ubi tu tuom amicum adjuvas, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 62: laesit in eo Caecinam, sublevavit ibidem, i. e. in eo ipso, Cic. Caecin. 9, 23: tibi non committitur aurum, vel si quando datur, custos affixus ibidem, Juv. 5, 40.

† ībis, is and ĭdis

    (
  1. I. nom. plur. ibes, Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101; 2, 50, 126; gen. ibium, Plin. 30, 15, 49, § 142; gen. sing. ibidis, Ov. H. 57; acc. plur. ibidas, Mel. 3, 8 fin.; acc. sing. ibim, Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 82; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; Plin. 10, 48, 68, § 134: ibin, Juv. 15, 3; Ov. H. 98), f., = ἶβις, a bird held sacred by the Egyptians, and which lived on water-animals, the ibis: Numenius ibis, Cuv.; Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101; 2, 50, 126; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; Plin. 8, 27, 41, § 97; Mel. 3, 8, 9.
  2. II. Transf., Ibis, the title of a satiric poem by Ovid (after Callimachus, who bestowed the name of Ibis on Apollonius of Rhodes).

ĭbiscum, i, n., v. hibiscum.

ībrĭda, v. hibr-.

ibus, v. is init.

Ībycus, i, m., = Ἴβυκος.

  1. I. A Greek lyric poet of Rhegium, celebrated on account of the cranes which he called upon as witnesses of his murder, Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 71; Stat. S. 5, 3, 152; Aus. Idyll. de Hist. 12, 12.
  2. II. A poor man, otherwise unknown, Hor. C. 3, 15, 1.

Īcădĭus, ĭi, m., = Ἰκάδιος,

  1. I. a notorious robber, Cic. Fat. 3, 5.
    Called also Īcă-dĭon: Rhonches Icadionque cum dixit Lucilius cognomina piratarum posuit, Fest. s. v. rhondes, p. 270 Müll. N. cr.; cf.: Icadion nomen saevissimi piratae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 106 ib.
  2. II. A son of Apollo, Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 332.

Īcărĭa, ae, f., an island in the Icarian sea, now Nicaria, Mel. 2, 7, 11.
Called Īcăros in Plin. 4, 12, 23, § 68.

Īcărĭōtis, idis, v. Icarus, II. B. 3.

Īcăris, idis, v. Icarus, II. B. 2.

Īcărus, i, m., = Ἴκαρος.

  1. I. A son of Dœdalus, who, on his flight from Crete, fell into the Ægean Sea, Ov. M. 8, 195 sq.; Hor. C. 2, 20, 13; Hyg. F. 40.
    1. B. Derivv.
      1. 1. Īcărĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Icarus, Icarian: aquae, the part of the Ægean Sea named after Icarus, Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 90.
        Also absol.: Īcărĭum (sc. mare), Ov. F. 4, 283; 566: fluctus, Hor. C. 1, 1, 15: litus, Ov. H. 18, 50.
      2. 2. Icăros, i, f., one of the Sporades, Plin. 4, 12, 23, § 68.
  2. II. = Ἰκάριος, son of Œbalus, king of Sparta, the father of Erigone and Penelope, placed in the heavens as the constellation Bŏōtes, Hyg. F. 224; Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 29; Tib. 4, 1, 10; Ov. M. 10, 450.
    Called also Īcărĭus, Ov. H. 1, 81; Hyg. F. 130.
    1. B. Derivv.
      1. 1. Īcărĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Icarus, Icarian: palmes, i. e. the vine, which Bacchus taught Icarus to cultivate, Stat. S. 3, 1, 147; cf. umbra, i. e. of the vine, id. Th. 4, 655: boves, the constellation Bŏōtes, Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 24: canis stella, i. e. the constellation Canis Major (the dog of Icarus, named Mæra, which was translated to the sky), Ov. Am. 2, 16, 4; so, astrum, Stat. Th. 4, 777; hence also: latratus, id. Silv. 4, 4, 13.
      2. 2. Īcăris, ĭdis, = Ἰκαρίς, the daughter of Icarus, i. e. Penelope, Ov. Ib. 393.
      3. 3. Īcărĭōtis, ĭdis, f., = Ἰκαριωτίς, the daughter of Icarus, i. e. Penelope, Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 10.
        Adj.: tela, i. e. of Penelope, Ov. P. 3, 1, 113.

† īcas, ădis, f., = εἰκάς (the number twenty), the twentieth day of the month, kept as a festival in honor of Epicurus (because Epicurus was born on the 20th of the month Gamelion), Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 5 (for which: omnibus mensibus vicesimo die lunae dent ad eorum epulas, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101).

iccirco, v. idcirco.

Iccĭus, ĭi, m., a Roman proper name, Cic. Phil. 3, 10. 26; Hor. C. 1, 29, 1.

(Iccius portus, v. Itius.)

Ĭcĕlos, i, m., = Ἴκελος (like), a son of Somnus (so called as producing dreams), Ov. M. 11, 640.

Icēni, ōrum, m., a people in the southeastern part of Great Britain, the modern Kent, Tac. A. 12, 31 sq.

† ichneumon, ŏnis, m., = ἰχνεύμων.

  1. I. An animal which tracks the crocodile and destroys its eggs; the Egyptian rat or ichneumon, Plin. 8, 24, 35, § 88; 8, 25, 37, § 90 sq.; Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101; Mart. 7, 87, 5; Nemes. Cyneg. 54.
  2. II. An insect, the ichneumon-fly, Sphex sabulosus, Linn.; Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 294; 11, 21, 24, § 72.

Ichnŏbătes, ae, m., = Ἰχνοβάτης (that follows the trail), one of Actœon’s hounds, Ov. M. 3, 207; Hyg. Fab. 181.

† ichnogrăphĭa, ae, f., = ἰχνογραφία. a ground-plot, plan, Vitr. 1, 2, 2.

Ichnūsa, ae, f., = Ἰχνοῦσα, a very ancient name of the island of Sardinia, Plin. 3, 7, 13, § 85; Sil. 12, 358.

† ichthyŏcolla, ae, f., = ἰχθυόκολλα.

  1. I. A kind of sturgeon, the huso, Acipenser huso, Linn.; Plin. 32, 7, 24, § 72.
  2. II. The glue made from it, isinglass, sturgeon-bladder, Cels. 5, 2; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 198.

Ichthyŏphăgi, ōrum, m. (ἰχθυοφάγοι, fish-eaters), the name of several nations living upon fish, Plin. 6, 23, 25, § 95; Greek gen. plur. Ichthyophagōn, id. 6, 28, 32, § 51.

Icilius, a, the name of a Roman gens: Sp. Icilius, Liv. 2, 58: L. Icilius, id. 3, 44; hence: lex Icilia, id. 3, 32.

(ī̆cĭo and ī̆co), īci, ictum (forms in use, only pres. icit, iciunt, icere; perf. icit, icisse; pluperf. iceram, iceras; fut. perf. icero; pass. pres. icitur, icimur; perf. ictus est; and part. ictus, a, um; pres. ĭco, Prisc. 886 P.; but īcit, Lucr. 3, 160; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 50; pres. icio, Gell. 4, 17, 8; Prisc. 877 P.), 3, v. a. [Gr. ἰπ-, ἴπτομαι, to injure; ἴψ, a worm; ἴκρια, scaffolding; cf. Ἴκαρος, ἐν-ιπή], to strike, hit, smite, stab, sting (cf.: ferio, percutio, verbero, pulso).

  1. I. Lit. (rare but class.).
    1. A. In gen.: exim corpus propellit et icit, Lucr. 3, 160: unde icimur ictu, id. 4, 1050: femur, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 42: caput telis (musca), Cat. 116, 4: vidulum fuscinā, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 124, 1: cum Ptolemaeus in proelio telo venenato ictus esset, Cic. Div. 2, 66, 135; cf.: lapide ictus, Caes. B. C. 3, 22, 2: ibi in turba ictus Remus, cecidit, Liv. 1, 7, 2: velut ictus ab Hercule Cacus, Juv. 5, 125.
    2. B. Esp. of lightning, etc., to strike: cum Summanus e caelo ictus esset, Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16: ictae limen domus, Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 34: fulmine laurus sola non icitur, Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 134; cf.: fulmen lauri fruticem non icit, id. 2, 55, 56, § 146; so in a figure, of a thunderbolt: ut vos iisdem ignibus circumsaepti me primum ictum pro vobis et fumantem videretis, Cic. Har. Resp. 21, 45; cf.: exin candida se radiis dedit icta foras lux (i. e. Aurora), struck with rays, irradiated, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 93 Vahl.).
    3. C. With a homogeneous object: Icere colaphum, to give a box on the ear: hei, colaphum icit, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 65.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In partic., icere foedus, like ferire and percutere foedus (v. ferio and percutio, I. B. fin.), to make a covenant or league: foedus, quod meo sanguine in pactione provinciarum iceras, frangere noluisti, Cic. Pis. 12, 28: cum Gaditanis foedus icisse dicitur, id. Balb. 15, 34; Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 886 P.: orsi a foedere quod nobiscum icerant, Tac. 12, 62
    2. B. (Perh. not ante-Aug.) Desideriis icta fidelibus Quaerit patria Caesarem, smitten, tormented, Hor. C. 4, 5, 15: novā re consules icti, disturbed, Liv. 27, 9, 8; cf. id. 34, 17, 5: conscientiā ictus, id. 33, 28, 1: metu icta, id. 1, 16 et saep.: haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant, panic-stricken, id. 8, 9, 12: domestico vulnere ictus, by family affliction, Tac. Agr. 29: si existunt, qui magnitudinem multum ultra se positam non icturi appetant, reach, attain, Sen. Const. Sap. 3 med.
    3. C. Poet.: saltat Milonius, ut semel icto Accessit fervor capiti numerusque lucernis, i. e. smitten with wine, tipsy, Hor. S. 2, 1, 25.
    )

† īcon, ŏnis, f., = εἰκών, an image, figure: fictae ceră icones, Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 215.

† īcŏnĭcus, a, um, adj., = εἰκονικός, of or belonging to an image, imitating a figure, copied from life: duces, of the size of life, Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 57: simulacrum aureum, Suet. Calig. 22.

īcŏnismus, i, m., = εἰκονισμός, an imaging, representation by an image, Sen. Ep. 97, 67.

Īcŏnĭum, ĭi, n., = Ἰκόνιον, a city of Lycaonia, now Koniyeh, Plin. 5, 27, 25, § 95; Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 4.

† īcŏsăprōti, ōrum, m., = εἰκοσάπρωτοι, the twenty chief councilmen in the municipia and colonies, Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 26; cf. decaproti and decemprimi.

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