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Hasdrŭbal (Asdr-), ălis, m.,
- I. a Punic name. The most celebrated are,
- 1. Son of Mago, the founder of the power of Carthage, Just. 19, 1.
- 2. Son of Hanno, who fought in Sicilia during the first Punic war, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 125.
- 3. The son-inlaw of Hamilcar Barcas, Nep. Hann. 3, 2; Liv. 21, 1 sq.
- 4. The son of Hamilcar Barcas, brother of Hannibal, defeated B. C. 207 at the Metaurus, Liv. 27, 18 sq.; 49 sq.; Nep. Hann. 3, 3; Cat. 1, 2; Hor. C. 4, 4, 38; 72; Ov. F. 6, 770.
- 5. Son of Gisco, third Carthaginian general in Hispania, Liv. 24, 41; 28, 1; 12 sq.
- 6. A general against Masinissa, Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91; Liv. Epit. 51; Val. Max. 3, 2 ext. 8 al.
- II. Deriv.: Hasdrŭbălĭānus, a, um, adj., belonging to one Hasdrubal: funus, Sid. Ep. 1, 5.
hasta (asta), ae, f. [Sanscr. hastas, hand; cf. Gr. root χαδ- in χανδάνω, pre-hendo], a spear (syn.: hastile, dolo, gaesum, sarisa, sparus, lancea, pilum, spiculum, telum, etc.).
- I. Lit.
- A. Most freq. as a military weapon, a lance, pike, javelin (cf. Becker’s Antiq. III. 2, p. 242 sq.): nec eminus hastis aut comminus gladiis uteretur, Cic. de Sen. 6, 19: dum transit, striderat hasta, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 817 P. (Ann. v. 365 Vahl.): Hastati spargunt hastas, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 ib.): evelli jussit eam, qua erat transfixus, hastam, Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97: amentatus hastas torquebit, id. de Or. 1, 57, 242; cf. id. Brut. 78, 271; id. Top. 17, 65: hastas vibrare, id. de Or. 2, 80, 325: jactare, id. ib. 2, 78, 316: dirigere in aliquem, Ov. M. 8, 66: contendere, to hurl, Verg. A. 10, 521: protendere aut colligere, Tac. A. 2, 21 al.
As a symbol of war, sent in making a declaration of the same, Gell. 10, 27, 3; Paul. ex Fest. p. 101 Müll., and thrown into the enemy’s territory, Liv 1, 32 fin.; Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 53: pura, i. e. without iron, given to brave soldiers as a mark of distinction, Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 102; Suet. Claud. 28; Inscr. Orell. 3457; cf. Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 760, and Fest. l. l.
As the symbol of legal ownership: festuca uti quasi hastae loco, signo quodam justi dominii, Gai Inst. 4, 16.
- 2. Transf., beyond the milit. sphere: jacet, diffidit, abjecit hastas, i. e. has lost his courage, Cic. Mur. 21, 45.
- B. A spear stuck in the ground at public auctions or where the tribunals of the cenlumviri were held (orig. as a sign of booty gained in battle or of magisterial authority): est enim ausus (Sulla) dicere, hasta posita, cum bona in foro venderet et bonorum virorum et locupletium et certe civium praedam se suam vendere, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 27; cf.: hastam in foro ponere et bona civium voci subicere praeconis, id. ib. 2, 23, 83: hasta posita pro aede Jovis Statoris, bona voci acerbissimae subjecta praeconis, id. Phil. 2, 26, 64: quos non illa inflnita hasta satiavit, id. ib. 4, 4, 9: emptio ab hasta, id. Att. 12, 3, 2: comitibus eorum sub hasta venditis, Liv. 23, 38, 7: municipia Italiae splendidissima sub hasta venierunt, Flor. 3, 21, 27: just hastae, Tac. A. 13, 28: cum censores se jam locationibus abstinerent, convenere ad eos, qui hastae hujus generis assueverant, Liv. 24, 18, 10; as a badge of dignity: hunc miratur adhuc centum gravis hasta virorum, Mart. 7, 63, 7.
Hence, transf., the centumviral court: ut centumviralem hastam, quam quaestura functi consuerant cogere, decemviri cogerent, Suet. Aug. 36 fin.
- C. A little spear with which a bride’s hair was parted into locks, Ov. F. 2, 560.
- D. A spear, as a gymnastic weapon, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 38; 3, 3, 24; id. Most. 1, 2, 73.
- II. Transf.
- A. Of the form of a comet: jubae effigies mutata in hasta est. Plin. 2, 25, 22, § 90.
- B. I. q. membrum virile, Auct. Priap. 45, 1.
hastārĭum, ii, n. [hasta, I. B.], an auction-catalogue, Tert. Ap. 13; id. ad Nat. 1, 10.
‡ hastārĭus, a, um, adj. [hasta, I. B.],
- I. of or belonging to the spear: censio, Paul. ex Fest. 54, 12.
- II. Of or belonging to auctions, auction-: PRAETOR, Inscr. Grut. 379, 7.
hastātus, a, um, adj. [hasta, I. A.], armed with a spear.
- I. In gen. (very rare): Bellona, Stat. Th. 2, 718: prima utcumque acies hastata: ceteris praeusta aut brevia tela, Tac. A. 2, 14: currum decem milia hastatorum sequebantur, Curt. 3, 3, 10; 4, 15, 7.
- II. In partic., milit. t. t.: hastāti, ōrum, m., the first line of a Roman army drawn up in order of battle (behind them were the Principes and Triarii): hastati dicti qui primi hastis pugnabant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.: hastati spargunt hastas, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 Vahl.); so Liv. 8, 8, 6; 22, 5; Veg. Mil. 1, 20 al.; cf. Dict. of Antiq.
The hastati were divided into ten ordines (companies), Ov. F. 3, 128.
Hence,
- B. Transf.: primus, secundus, etc., ordo hastatus, and more freq. absol.: primus, secundus, etc., hastatus, the first, second, etc., company of hastati: in eo exercitu miles gregarius fui: tertio anno virtutis causa, mihi T. Quintius decimum ordinem hastatum assignavit, i. e. made me captain of the tenth (last) company, Liv. 42, 34, 5: cum signifer primi hastati signum non posset movere loco, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 67: signifer secundi hastati, Liv. 26, 5 fin.
Hence, transf.,
- 2. (Ellipt. for centurio ordinis hastati primus, secundus, etc., hastatus.) The captain of the first, second, etc., company, Veg. Mil. 2, 8: Q. Fulginius ex primo hastato, late first centurio (i. e. who had been discharged as first centurio, and then served as evocatus), Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4.
- b. Κατ’ ἐξοχήν, hastatus, i, m., the captain of the first company, Flor. 1, 18; Inscr. Orell. 3455.
hastīle (also astīle), is, n. [hasta], the shaft of a spear or javelin.
- I. Lit.: ferrum, quod ex hastili in corpore remanserat, Nep. Epam. 9: hastili nixus, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21: missile telum hastili abiegno, Liv. 21, 8, 10.
- II. Transf.
- A. (Pars pro toto.) A spear, javelin, in gen. (poet.): torquere hastilia lenta, Ov. M. 8, 28; Verg. A. 1, 313; 5, 557; 12, 489; Sen. Hippol. 397: curvatum, Juv. 7, 127.
- B. In gen., a piece of wood in the form of a shaft (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). So of branches, Verg. A. 3, 23; of poles, props, id. G. 2, 358; Col. 4, 12, 1; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 212; the standard: candelabri, Vulg. Exod. 25, 31: arcus, Amm. 22, 8, 37.
hastŭla, ae, f. dim. [hasta].
- I. A little spear, Fronto de Or. 1 med.
- II. Transf.
- A. A little branch, Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2.
- B. Hastula regia, a plant, called also asphodelus, asphodel, Plin. 21, 17, 68, § 109; App. Herb. 32.