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1. Dĕcĭānus, a, um, v. Decius, no. II.

2. Dĕcĭānus, i, m., a Roman surname, Cic. Rab. perd. 9, 24; id. Fl. 32, 77; Tac. A. 14, 32.

Deciātes, um or ium, m., a people of Liguria, Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Flor. 2, 3 fin.: oppidum Deciatum, Mela, 2, 5, 3.

Dē̆cĭdĭus, ii, m., a Roman proper name, esp. L. Decidius Saxa, a military officer who served under Caesar, Caes. B. C. 1, 66; Cic. Phil. 8, 3, 9 al.

1. dē-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall off, fall down (class.).

    1. 1. Lit.
  1. A. In gen.: decido de lecto praeceps, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 48; so, anguis decidit de tegulis, Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 26: poma ex arboribus decidunt, Cic. de Sen. 19 fin.; cf.: e flore guttae, Ov. M. 9, 345: equo, Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6; for which ex equo (in terram), Nep. Eum. 4; and ab equo (in arva), Ov. Ib. 259: summo toro, id. F. 2, 350: arbore glandes, id. M. 1, 106: caelo, Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164; so, caelo, id. 2, 52, 53, § 138: in terras imber, Lucr. 6, 497; so, imber, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 29: celsae turres graviore casu, id. Od. 2, 10, 11: comae, id. ib. 4, 10, 3 et saep.: montium decidentium moles, Plin. Ep. 8, 17, 3: (volucris) decidit in terram, Ov. M. 12, 569; so in terras sidus, id. ib. 14, 847: in puteum foveamve auceps, Hor. A. P. 458: in lacum fulmen, Suet. Galb. 8: in dolia serpens, Juv. 6, 432: in casses praeda, Ov. A. A. 2, 2: in laqueos suos auceps, id. Rem. Am. 502: in turbam praedonum hic fugiens, Hor. S. 1, 2, 42: in praeceps, Ov. M. 12, 339: ad pedes tunica, Suet. Aug. 94.
  2. B. Pregn. (like cado and concido), to fall down dead, to sink down, to die (in class. Lat. only poet.): morbo decidunt, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 143: nos ubi decidimus, Quo pater Aeneas, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 14: scriptor abhinc annos centum qui decidit, id. Ep. 2, 1, 36: decidit exanimis vitamque reliquit in astris, Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. Stat. Th. 8, 125; and id. ib. 9, 755: (nupta) Decidit; in talum serpentis dente recepto, Ov. M. 10, 10.
  • II. Trop., to fall, drop, fall away, fail, sink: quanta de spe decidi! Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 9; for which quanta spe decidi! id. ib. 4, 8, 11; Suet. Oth. 5; and a spe societatis Prusiae, Liv. 37, 26: ex astris, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 4 (cf.: astrum, no. II. B. fin.): ego ab archetypo labor et decido, Plin. Ep. 5, 10, 1: eo decidit ut exsul de senatore fieret, has fallen so low, id. ib. 4, 11, 1: oculis captus in hanc fraudem decidisti (cf. καταπίπτειν), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 101: ad eas rei familiaris angustias decidit, ut, etc., Suet. Claud. 9 fin.; cf.: huc decidisse cuncta, ut, etc., Tac. A. 3, 59: ficta omnia celeriter tamquam flosculi decidunt, perish, Cic. Off. 2, 12 fin.: non virtute hostium sed amicorum perfidia decidi, am fallen, defeated, Nep. Eum. 11 fin.: an toto pectore deciderim, wholly banished from her affections, Tib. 3, 1, 20 (cf. ἐκ θυμοῦ πεσέειν, Hom. Il. 23, 595): qui huc deciderunt, into this illness, Cels. 3, 21 fin.: in hydropa, id. ib. med.: in maximis necessitatibus, ad quas libidine deciderat, Schol. Juv. 5, 3.

    • 2. dē-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut off.

    1. I. Lit. (rare in ante-Aug. per.; more freq. abscīdo; not in Caes.): taleas oleaginas tripedaneas, Cato R. R. 45: collum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 37: aures, Tac. A. 12, 14: virgam arbori, id. G. 10: caput, Curt. 7, 2; prov.: pennas, to clip the wings, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50: malleolum, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 162: filicem nascentem falce, Col. 2, 2, 13; Sil. 4, 389 et saep.
      1. B. Transf., to cudgel, beat soundly: aliquem verberibus decidere, Dig. 47, 21, 2.
    2. II. Trop., to decide a disputed, or, indeed, any matter (qs. to cut the knot; cf.: dirimo and secare lites, res, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42; id. Sat. 1, 10, 15); to determine, settle, terminate, put an end to (class., most freq. in judic. lang.; cf.: transigo, paciscor).
            1. (α) With acc.: damnum, XII. Tab. 12, 4; Gai. Inst. 4, 37; 4, 45: quibus rebus actis atque decisis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45 fin.; cf.: decisa negotia, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 59: res transactione decisa, Dig. 5, 2, 29; and jam decisa quaestio, ib. 18, 3, 4: decidis statuisque tu, quid iis ad denarium solveretur, Cic. Quint. 4, 17; id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; Dig. 47, 2, 63; cf. ib. 9, 4, 22, § 4: hoc loco praeter nomen cetera propriis decisa sunt verbis, i. e. decidedly, clearly expressed, Quint. 8, 6, 47: ego pol istam jam aliquovorsum tragulam decidero, I will now dispose of this dart one way or another, i. e. I will now put an end to this attack, these tricks, Plaut. Casin. 2, 4, 18.
            2. (β) With praepp.: cum aliquo, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79; 2, 1, 48, § 125; id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114; Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 130: non erit uncia tota, decidat tecum qua pater ipse deum, for which Jupiter may compound with you, Mart. 9, 4, 6; cf.: cum patrono pecuniā, Dig. 12, 6, 26, § 12: de rebus, Cic. Quint. 5, 19; id. Rosc. Com. 12, 35 sq.; id. Att. 1, 8; Just. 31, 7: decidere jactu coepit cum ventis, to compound with the winds by throwing overboard (the cargo), Juv. 12, 33.
            3. (γ) Absol.: in jugera singula ternis medimnis, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48; id. Rosc. Com. 36; Aur. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 56, 4.
      1. B. To cut down, reduce, diminish: ad tertiam partem vectigal, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38.

    dēcĭdŭus, a, um, adj. [1. decĭdo], falling down or off, deciduous (chiefly in Pliny: folia, Laber. ap. Non. 100, 10; Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 226; 16, 24, 38, § 92 (where Freund assumes decīdua, cut off, cf. Cato R. R. 5, 7, but without necessity): (ignes) decidui ad terras fulminum nomen habent, Plin. 2, 20, 18, § 82: sidera, falling, shooting stars, id. 2, 8, 6, § 28: cornua cervis, id. 11, 37, 45, § 127: testes pecori ad crura decidui, subus annexi, id. 11, 49, 110, § 263: dentes, id. 8, 3, 4, § 7.

    dĕcĭēs or dĕcĭens, num. adv. [decem], ten times.

    1. I. Prop.: columbae decies anno pariunt, quaedam et undecies, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 147: decies seni, Ov. F. 3, 163: HS. decies centena milia, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10 Zumpt. More commonly absol. decies: HS. decies et octingenta milia, i. e. 1,800,000 sesterces, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39: supra trecenta milia usque ad decies aeris, Liv. 24, 11: ad summam sestertii decies in aerarium retulit, id. 45, 4; Hor. S. 2, 3, 237; Dig. 35, 1, 77, § 3 et saep.
    2. II. Meton., an indefinite large number or sum, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Stich. 3, 2, 45; Hor. A. P. 294; 365; Pers. 6, 79; Juv. 13, 136 et saep.: decies centena dedisses Huic parco, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 15; cf. Juv. 10, 335; Catul. 23, 20.

    dĕcĭma, ae, f., v. decimus, no. I. B. and II. B.

    dĕcĭmānus or dĕcŭmānus (v. decimus), a, um, adj. [decimus], of or belonging to the tenth part.

    1. I. Prop.
      1. A. Of tithes, as a tax: ager, that pays tithes, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6; cf.: frumentum, i. e. a tithe of the produce, id. ib. 2, 3, 5 fin. and 81: oleum, Lucil. ap. Non. 445, 19.
        1. 2. Subst.: dĕcŭmānus, i, m., a farmer of tithes, tithe-gatherer, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13; 71; 2, 3, 8 et saep.: (perh. sarcastically) dĕcŭmāna, ae, f., the wife of a tithefarmer, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33; for which decumana mulier, id. ib. 34.
      2. B. Of the tenth cohort: miles, Auct. B. Afr. 16, 2; and oftener absol. dĕcŭmāni, ōrum, m., id. ib. § 1; Auct. B. Hisp. 30 fin.; Tac. H. 5, 20; Suet. Caes. 70.
        Esp.: porta decumana, the main entrance of a Roman camp, placed the farthest from the enemy (because the tenth cohort of each legion was there encamped), opposite the porta praetoria, Caes. B. G. 2, 24; 3, 25 fin.; 6, 37; id. B. C. 3, 69; Liv. 3, 5; 10, 32 fin. al.; cf. Veg. Mil. 1, 23; Smith’s Ant. p. 222, a.
      3. C. Decumanus limes, in agriculture, a boundary line drawn from east to west, opp. cardo (v. h. v.), Col. 12, 43, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169; 18, 34, 77, § 337; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 14; v. Wordswörth, Fragm. p. 446.
    2. II. Meton., considerable, large, immense (cf.: decimus, decem, decies, etc.): accipensere, Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: DECUMANA ova’ dicuntur et DECUMANI fluctus, quia sunt magna, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 5; cf. ib. 4, 7 Müll.

    dĕcĭmārĭus, a, um,

    1. I. adj., pertaining to tithes: leges, Cod. 8, 58.
    2. II. Paying tithes, subject to tithes, Ambros. in Psa. 128, Serm. 8, 4 al.

    dĕcĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. [decimo], the taking of a tenth.

    1. I. A tithing: omnis, Vulg. Tobiae, 1, 7.
    2. II. A selecting by lot of every tenth man for punishment, decimation, Capitol. Macr. 12.
    3. III. A tenth: adhuc in ea decimatio, Vulg. Isa. 6, 13.

    ‡ dĕcĭmātrus, a holiday of the Falisci, ten days after the Ides, Fest. p. 257, 6 Müll.

    dĕcĭmo or dĕcŭmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [decimus].

    1. I. To select by lot every tenth man for punishment, to decimate (postAug., although the practice itself occurs as early as 283 A. U. C.; v. Liv. 2, 59 fin.), Suet. Galb. 12: cohortes, id. Aug. 24: cohortium militem, Frontin. Strat. 4, 1, 37 al.
      Absol., Suet. Calig. 48.
    2. II. To cause to pay tithes, to collect tithes from a person.
      Pass.: et Levi decimatus est, Vulg. Hebr. 7, 9.
    3. III. To select the tenth part as an offering, to pay tithes of anything, Fest. p. 237, 25 Müll.; Vulg. Matth. 23, 23.
      Hence, dĕcŭmātus, a, um, P. a., selected, excellent, choice: honestas, Symm. Ep. 3, 49 and 51.
      Sup.: juvenis, id. ib. 8, 16.

    dĕcĭmŏdĭa, v. decemmodius.

    1. dĕcĭmus or dĕcŭmus (the latter form prevailed in the later law lang.; hence, decumanus), a, um, adj. [decem with superl. ending], the tenth.

    1. I. Prop.: mensis, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 19; cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 29: legio, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; cf. ib. 41; 42 al.: decima hora, Cic. Phil. 2, 31; and without hora, Auct. Her. 4, 51: annus, Verg. A. 9, 155: septuma (dies) post decumam, i. e. the seventeenth, id. G. 1, 284 Voss.: cum decumo efficit ager, i. e. tenfold, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112; so, extulisset, ib. § 113.
          1. * b. dĕcĭmum, adv. (like tertium, quartum, etc.; cf. Gell. 10, 1), for the tenth time, Liv. 6, 40.
      1. B. Subst.: dĕcĭma (dĕcŭma), ae, f. (sc. pars), the tenth part, tithe.
        1. 1. As an offering: testatur Terentius Varro … majores solitos decimam Herculi vovere, Macr. S. 3, 12; so Varr. L. L. 6, § 54 Müll.; Just. 18, 7, 7; cf. with pars; Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 874 P.; Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 80: tibi (sc. Pythico Apollini) hinc decumam partem praedae voveo, Liv. 5, 21; cf.: cum vovissent Apollini decumas praedae, Just. 20, 3, 3; cf. id. 18, 7, 7; Vulg. Gen. 14, 20; so esp. of the tithes given by the Hebrews to support the priesthood, id. Num. 18, 21 et saep.
        2. 2. A largess openly bestowed by public men on the people: Oresti nuper prandia in semitis decumae nomine magno honori fuerunt, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58; so Suet. Calig. 26; id. Galb. 15; Tac. H. 1, 20.
        3. 3. A tithe, as a tax on landholders in the provinces, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 25; more freq. in plur., id. ib. 2, 3, 39, § 89 sq.
        4. 4. A tithe, as conveyed by last will: decimas uxoribus dari, Trach. ap. Quint. 8, 5, 19.
    2. II. Meton. (like decem, decies, etc.), considerable, large, immense (poet.): vastius insurgens decimae ruit impetus undae, Ov. M. 11, 530 (cf.: decimanus, no. II., and in Gr. τρικυμία); so of billows, Sil. 14, 122; Luc. 5, 672; Val. Fl. 2, 54 (decimus by circumlocut.: qui venit hic fluctus, fluctus supereminet omnes; posterior nono est undecimoque prior, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 50).

    2. Dĕcĭmus, i, m., Dĕcĭma, ae, f., proper names.

    1. I. Decimus, a Roman praenomen, abbrev. D. In the gens Claudia it was given only to patricians; but among the Junii and Laelii to plebeians also; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 61 Müll.
      Hence, Dĕcĭmiānus, a, um, adj., named for Decimus: pirus, Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54.
    2. II. Decima, the goddess that presides over accouchements, a partus tempestivi tempore, Varr. and Caesel. ap. Gell. 3, 16, 10 sq.; cf. also Tert. Anim. 37; id. adv. Val. 32.

    dēcĭnĕrātus, a, um, adj. [de-cinis], wholly turned to ashes (late Lat.), Tert. adv. Valent. 32.

    dē-cĭnĕresco, ĕre, v. n., to be wholly reduced to ashes (late Lat.): ut nullo igni decinerescat, Tert. Apol. 48 fin.

    dē-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio], primarily signifies to catch away, catch up, seize an animal while running, fleeing, etc. (whence decipula, a snare, trap); but occurs only in the trop. sense (acc. to capio, no. II. B.), to catch, ensnare, entrap, beguile, elude, deceive, cheat (for syn. cf.: fraudo, emungo, circumscribo, circumvenio, frustror, verba do, impono, fallo): fiunt transennae ubi decipiuntur dolis, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 9 sq.: ita decipiemus fovea lenonem Lycum, id. Poen. 1, 1, 59; id. Amph. 1, 1, 268 et saep.: eo deceptum, quod neque, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 14: T. Roscius novem homines honestissimos … induxit, decepit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117; cf.: illa amphibolia, quae Croesum decepit, vel Chrysippum potuisset fallere, id. Div. 2, 56 fin.; Verg. A. 4, 17 al.: homines imperitos et per colloquium deceptos crudelissime interfecisse, Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 3; so per aliquid, id. ib. 3, 82 fin.; Liv. 1, 9 al.: in nullo verbo eum memoria decepit, Sen. Contr. 1. Praef. 18: jam semel in prima spe deceptos, Liv. 36, 40; for which spe affinitatis deceptum, Suet. Tib. 65; cf.: deceptus nocte, Quint. 4, 2, 71: cupidine falso, Hor. S. 1, 1, 61: specie recti, id. A. P. 25 et saep.: amatorem amicae decipiunt vitia, id. S. 1, 3, 38.
    Poet., in Gr. construction: Prometheus dulci laborum decipitur sono, is beguiled of his sufferings (i. e. forgets his sufferings, being beguiled with sweet melody), Hor. Od. 2, 13, 38.

        1. b. Of inanimate objects: exspectationibus decipiendis, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: quo opinio decipitur, Quint. 6, 3, 64: oculos, Ov. R. Am. 346; cf. id. M. 3, 431: nervos, Pers. 4, 45: volatile pecus facile custodiam pastoris decipit, Col. 8, 4, 3: judicium error, Ov. Pont. 3, 9, 11: specimen istud virtutis, Liv. 8, 7: sic tamen absumo decipioque diem, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 114; cf. id. H. 19, 55 Loers.; Stat. Silv. 4, 4, 19; Plin. 16, 43, 84, § 233: quomodo vinum potantem decipit, Vulg. Hab. 2, 5.
      1. 2. Absol.: victima deceptus decipientis ero, Ov. Am. 3, 3, 22: ab tergo et super caput decepere insidiae, Liv. 22, 4; Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 204.

    dēcĭpŭla, ae, f., and dēcĭpŭlum, i, n. [decipio], a snare, gin, trap.

    1. I. Lit. (late Lat.): plena avibus, Vulg. Jerem. 5, 27; Job 18, 10.
    2. II. Trop. (ante- and post-class.).
            1. (α) Fem., Sid. Ep. 8, 10 med.; Mart. Cap. 4, § 423; Vulg. Job 18, 10.
            2. (β) Neutr., App. M. 8, p. 202, 38; 10, p. 250, 28; so id. Flor. 4, p. 360.
              Plur.: nulla decipula, Laev. ap. Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 3.

    dē-circĭno, āre, v. a., to make of a circular form, to round off (only in Manil.): arcum, Manil. 1, 296: orbem, id. 3, 352.

    dēcīsĭo, ōnis, f. [2. decīdo].

    1. I. (Acc. to decīdo, no. II. B.) A diminishing: luminis, App. de Mundo, p. 71, 4.
      Far more freq., and in good prose.
    2. II. (Acc. to decīdo, no. II. A.) A decision, settlement, agreement: nostra de aequitate, Cic. Caecin. 36 fin.: dicat decisionem factam esse, quae facta non est, id. Rosc. Com. 13, 48; id. Flacc. 36, 89; id. Verr. 2, 1, 54: quaestionis, Dig. 5, 3, 25.

    dēcīsus, a, um, Part., v. 2, decīdo.

    * dēcĭtans, antis, P. a. [de-cĭto], causing to glide down, App. M. 2, p. 116, 4.

    Dĕcĭus, a.

    1. I. An ancient Italian praenomen: Decius Magius, Liv. 23, 7, 10; Vell. 2, 16, 2 al.
    2. II. The name of an eminent plebeian gens at Rome. Its bestknown members were the two Decii (P. Decius Mus, father and son), who, as consuls, voluntarily devoted themselves to death to save their country (the former, in the Latin war, at Veseris, B.C. 340, the latter, in the Samnite war, at Sentinum, B.C. 295), Liv. 8, 9; 10, 27 sq.; Val. Max. 1, 7, 3; 5, 6, 5 sq.; Flor. 1, 14, 3; 1, 17, 7; Cic. Off. 2, 4, 16; id. Div. 1, 24, 51; id. Fin. 2, 19, 61; id. de Sen. 13, 43; Prop. 3, 11, 62 (4, 10, 62 M.).
      Genit.: Deci, id. 4 (5), 1, 45. Cicero also mentions the grandson, who devoted himself at Asculum in the war against Pyrrhus, B.C. 279, Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; id. Fin. 2, 19, 61 fin.
      Hence,
        1. 1. Dĕcius, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Decius, lex, of P. Decius Mus, Liv. 9, 30.
        2. 2. Dĕcĭānus, a, um, of or belonging to Decius: exercitus (i. e. of the second Decius), Liv. 10, 31.
    3. III. An artist at Rome, B.C. 56, Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 44.