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arca, ae, f. [arceo: arca et arx quasi res secretae, a quibus omnes arceantur, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 262; v. arceo], a place for keeping any thing, a chest, box.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: arca vestiaria, Cato, R. R. 11, 3: ex illā oleā arcam esse factam eoque conditas sortes, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86; Suet. Tib. 63: arca ingens variorum venenorum plena, id. Calig. 59 al.
      Very freq.,
    2. B. Esp.,
      1. 1. A box for money, a safe, a coffer, and particularly of the rich, and loculi was their purse, porte-monnaie, while sacculus was the pouch of the poor, Juv. 1, 89 sq.; 11, 26; cf. id. 10, 25; 14, 259 Ruperti, and Cat. 13, 8; Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.: populus me sibilat: at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcā, Hor. S. 1, 1, 67.
        Hence, meton., like our purse, for the money in it: arcae nostrae confidito, rely upon my purse, Cic. Att. 1, 9; id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 12; id. Par. 6, 1; Cat. 23, 1; Col. 3, 3, 5; 8, 8, 9; Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 8; Sen. Ep. 26 fin.
        Hence, ex arcā absolvere aliquem, to pay in cash upon the spot (opp. de mensae scripturā absolvere), Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 13 Don.; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 7, 29 Don., and arcarius.
        And of public money, state treasure, revenues (late Lat.): frumentaria, Dig. 50, 4, 1, § 2: vinaria, Symm. Ep. 10, 42 al.
      2. 2. A coffin (cf. Smith, Dict. Antiq.), Liv. 40, 29; cf. Plin. 13, 13, 27, § 85; Val. Max. 1, 1: cadavera Conservus vili portanda locabat in arcā, Hor. S. 1, 8, 9; Luc. 8, 736; Dig. 11, 7; Inscr. Orell. 3560; 4429.
  2. II. Transf. Of any thing in the form of a box or chest.
    1. A. Noah’s ark (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Gen. 6, 14 sqq.; ib. Matt. 24, 38; ib. Heb. 11, 7 al.
    2. B. In Jewish antiq., the Ark of the Covenant (eccl. Lat.): arca foederis, Vulg. Deut. 10, 8: arca foederis Domini, ib. Num. 10, 33: arca testimonii, ib. Exod. 26, 34: arca testamenti, ib. Heb. 9, 4: arca testamenti Dei, ib. Jer. 3, 16: arca Domini, ib. Jos. 4, 4: arca Dei, ib. 1 Reg. 11, 17; and absol.: arca, ib. Exod. 30, 6; ib. Deut. 10, 5.
    3. C. A small, close prison, a cell: (Servi) in arcas coniciuntur, ne quis cum iis colloqui possit, Cic. Mil. 22 fin.; cf. Fest. p. 264 Müll.
    4. D. In mechanics, the water-box of a hydraulic machine, Vitr. 10, 13.
    5. E. A watercistern, a reservoir, Vitr. 6, 3.
  3. F. A quadrangular landmark; cf. Scriptt. Agrim. pp. 119, 222, 223, 271 Goes.

Arcădĕs, v. Arcas, II.

1. Arcădĭa, ae, f., = Ἀρκαδία, a mountainous province in the centre of the Peloponnesus, the Greek Switzerland, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20; Verg. E. 4, 58; Ov. M. 2, 405; 9, 192 al.
Hence, derivv.

  1. A. Arcădĭcus, a, um, adj., = Ἀρκαδικός, Arcadian: asinus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 67; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; cf. Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 167; Pers. 3, 9.
    Arcadicus juvenis for a simpleton (since the Arcadians, as mostly mountaineers, were considered as a simple, uncultivated people), Juv. 7, 160.
  2. B. Arcădĭus, a, um, adj., = Ἀρκάδιος, Arcadian: Arcadius sus, the Arcadian boar, * Lucr. 5, 25: dea, i. e. Carmenta, who came from Arcadia to Italy, Ov. F. 1, 462: virgo, i. e. the nymph Arethusa, id. Am. 3, 6, 30: deus, i. e. Pan, Prop. 1, 18, 20: rupes, id. 1, 1, 14: agri, id. 3, 24, 23: sidus, i. e. the Great Bear, Sen. Oedip. 476: virga, the wand of Mercury (who was born upon the Arcadian mountain Cyllene, and worshipped there), Stat. Th. 2, 70: galerus, the helmet of Mercury, id. ib. 7, 39.

2. Arcădĭa, ae, f., a town in Crete, Sen. Q. N. 3, 11, 4; Plin. 31, 4, 30, § 53.

Arcae, ārum, f., a Volscian town between Arpinum and Fabrateria, now Arce, Inscr. Orell. 149; cf. Mann. Ital. I. 676.

arcānō, adv., v. arcanus fin.

Arcānum, v. 2. Arcanus, B.

1. arcānus, a, um, adj. [v. arceo], orig., shut up, closed; hence, trop.,

  1. I. That keeps a secret, trusty: dixisti arcano satis, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 155: petiit, ut aliquem ex arcanis mitteret, Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 178.
    Hence, poet., of the night: omina arcanā nocte petita, in silent night, or night that keeps secrets, Ov. H. 9, 40; Stat. S. 1, 3, 71.
  2. II. Hidden, concealed, secret, private (class., although very rare in Cic.): at quīcum joca, seria, ut dicitur, quīcum arcana, quīcum occulta omnia, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85: consilia, Liv. 35, 18; so Hor. C. 3, 21, 15: secretae et arcanae opes, Plin. Pan. 34, 3: fontis arcani aqua, Tac. A. 2, 54: libidines, Suet. Tib. 43 al.: littera celatos arcana fatebitur ignes, Ov. M. 9, 516: sensus, Verg. A. 4, 422 al.
    Esp., in the lang. of religion, of things sacred and incommunicable: ARCANA VRBIS PRAESIDIA, Inscr. Orell. 2494: audivit arcana verba, quae non licet homini loqui, Vulg. 2 Cor. 12, 4; and of secret, mysterious usages: sacra, Ov. M. 10, 436: arcana cum fiunt sacra, Hor. Epod. 5, 52; so Stat. S. 3, 4, 92; Sil. 2, 427; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 402; and by poet. license transf. to the deity presiding over such mysteries: qui Cereris sacrum Volgavit arcanae, Hor. C. 3, 2, 27.
    Hence, subst.: arcānum, i, n., a secret.
    1. A. In gen.: nox arcanis fidissima, Ov. M. 7, 192: arcani Fides prodiga, Hor. C. 1, 18, 16: si quid umquam arcani sanctive ad silendum in curiā fuerit, Liv. 23, 22, 9: arcana regum, Curt. 4, 6, 5: revelare arcana, Vulg. Prov. 11, 13: denudare arcana amici, ib. Eccli. 27, 17.
    2. B. Spec., a sacred secret, a mystery: fatorum arcana, Ov. M. 2, 639; so Verg. A. 7, 123: Pythagorae arcana, Hor. Epod. 15, 21; cf.: Jovis arcana, the secret decrees of, id. C. 1, 28, 9: deorum arcanum proferre, Plin. Pan. 23, 5: arcana quaedam, secret rites (of the diviners), Vulg. Exod. 7, 11: violabunt arcanum meum, my secret place, sanctuary, Vulg. Ezech. 7, 22 et saep.
      Adv.: arcā-nō (cf. Charis. pp. 173 and 179 P.), in secret, privately: arcano tibi ego hoc dico, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 117: hunc (librum) lege arcano convivis tuis, Cic. Att. 16, 3 (cf. Charis. l. c.): arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur, Caes. B. C. 1, 19.
      * Comp.: arcanius judicare aliquid de aliquā re, Col. 3, 2 fin.
      Sup.
      not used.

2. Arcānus, a, um, adj. [Arcae], of or pertaining to Arcœ hence, subst.

  1. A. Arcāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Arcœ, Inscr. Orell. 4007.
  2. B. Arcānum, i, n., a villa of Q. Cicero, in the neighborhood of Arcœ, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1 al.

arcārĭus, a, um, adj. [arca, I. B.], of or pertaining to a money-box or ready money: nomina, Gai. Inst. 1. 3, § 131 Goes.
Hence, arcārĭus, i, m., a treasurer (late Lat.): arcarii gazae tuae, Vulg. Esth. 3, 9: arcarius civitatis, ib. Rom. 16, 23; Dig. 40, 5, 41.
Also, a controller of public revenues, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.

Arcăs, ădis, m., = Ἀρκάς.

  1. I. Son of Jupiter and Callisto, the progenitor of the Arcadians, after his death placed as a constellation (Arctophylax) in heaven, Ov. F. 1, 470; 2, 190; id. M. 2, 468; 2, 497; Hyg. Fab. 176, and Astr. 2, 4 (cf. Apollod. 3, 8, 2).
  2. II. An Arcadian; plur. Arcădĕs, um, m. (acc. Gr. Arcadăs, Verg. A. 10, 397), = Ἀρκάδες, the Arcadians.
    1. A. As the most ancient men, Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 154; Ov. F. 2, 289 al.
    2. B. As skilled in pastoral music: Tamen cantabitis, Arcades, inquit, Montibus haec vestris; soli cantare periti, Arcades, Verg. E. 10, 31: Arcades ambo, Et cantare pares et respondere parati, id. ib. 7, 4 (cf. id. ib. 4, 58 sq.; Theocr. 22, 157; Polyb. 4, 20).
      Hence, Arcas,
    3. C. Κατ’ ἐξοχήν.
      1. 1. Mercury, who was said to have been born on the Arcadian mountain Cyllene (cf. 1. Arcadia, B.), Mart. 9, 35, 6; Luc. 9, 661; Stat. S. 5, 1, 107.
      2. 2. Parthenopœus, the son of Atalanta from Arcadia, Stat. Th. 8, 745; 12, 805.
      3. 3. Tyrannus, i. e. Lycaon, grandfather of Arcas (a poet. prolepsis), Ov. M. 1, 218.
      4. 4. Bipennifer, i. e. Ancœus, Ov. M. 8, 391.
  3. III. Adj., = Arcadius, Arcadian, Verg. A. 12, 518; Mart. 5, 65, 2; Stat. S. 5, 2, 123; id. Th. 7, 94; Sil. 6, 636.

* arcātūra, ae, f. [arca], = arca, II. F., a square landmark of surveyors, Cassiod. Var. 3, 52.

arcebĭon, i, n., a plant, usu. called onochiles or anchusa, a kind of ox-tongue; cf. Plin. 22, 21, 25, § 11.

arcella, ae, f. dim. [arca; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 21 Müll.]; among surveyors, a square landmark (cf. arca, II. F., and arcatura), Front. Colon. pp. 119, 260, 308 Goes.

* arcellacae vītes, a species of the vine, now unknown, Col. 3, 21, 3.

arcellŭla, ae. f., doub. dim. [arcella, from arca], a very little box, Diom. p. 313 P.

arcĕo, cui, ctum (arcitum, acc. to Prisc. p. 1265 P.) [cf. ἀρκέω = to keep off, to suffice; ἄρκιος = sufficient, safe; arx = a stronghold; arca = a strong-box, chest; ἀλαλκεῖν = to keep off; ἀλκή = defence, strength. Curt.].

  1. I. To shut up, to enclose.
    1. A. Lit.: arcere est continere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.: alvus arcet et continet quod recipit, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136: orbis caelestis arcens et continens ceteros, id. Rep. 6, 17: nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus, id. N. D. 2, 60, 152: hos quidem ut famulos vinclis prope ac custodiā arceamus, shut in, confine, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 (cf. Doed. Syn. II. p. 426).
    2. B. Trop.: videbam audaciam tam immanem non posse arceri otii finibus, Cic. Har. Resp. 3.
      Also, to keep in order: arcendae familiae gratiā, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. noverca, p. 175 Müll.
  2. II. To keep or hold off, to prevent from approaching, to keep at a distance: arcere prohibere est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.; constr. absol. aliquem, with ab, the simple abl., poet. also with dat.
          1. (α) Absol. aliquem: ille tenet et scit ut hostium copiae, tu ut aquae pluviae arceantur, Cic. Mur. 9, 22; so, aquam pluviam, aquas pluvias arcere, Cic. Top. 10, 43, and Dig. 39, 3: platanus solem arcet, Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 11: somnos ducere et arcere, Ov. M. 2, 735: Odi profanum vulgus et arceo, Hor. C. 3, 1, 1.
            With an abstr. object: transitum hostis, to arrest, hinder, Liv. 26, 41.
            Poet. and in postAug. prose, with inf. as object, to hinder, prevent: quae (dicta) clamor ad aures Arcuit ire meas, Ov. M. 12, 427: plagamque sedere Cedendo arcebat, id. ib. 3, 89; so id. P. 3, 3, 56; Stat. S. 2, 1, 34; id. Th. 1, 455; Sen. Hippol. 805; Sil. 13, 341 al.; Tac. A. 3, 72.
            And without object: arcuit Omnipotens, Ov. M. 2, 505.
          2. (β) With ab: tu, Juppiter, hunc a tuis aris ceterisque templis arcebis, Cic. Cat. 1, 13 fin.: homines ab injuriā, etc., id. Leg. 1, 14: haec aetas a libidinibus arcenda est, id. Off. 1, 34, 122: homines ab improbitate, id. Par. 3, 2, 23: famulas a limine templi, Ov. F. 6, 482: aliquem ab amplexu, id. M. 9, 751: ignavum, fucos, pecus a praesepibus arcent, Verg. G. 4, 168.
          3. (γ) With the simple abl. (not with persons): primordia genitali concilio arceri tempore iniquo, Lucr. 1, 183: illum ut hostem arcuit Galliā, Cic. Phil. 5, 13 fin.: te dominus illis sedibus arcebit, id. ib. 2, 40 fin.; so id. Tusc. 1, 37, 89: Virginiam matronae sacris arcuerant, Liv. 10, 23: aliquem aditu, id. 42, 6; so Suet. Ner. 46; Luc. 10, 499: aquā atque igni arcebatur, Tac. A. 3, 23; so id. ib. 3, 50 (cf. aqua, I. B. 3.) al.: arceor aris, Ov. M. 6, 209: patriis penatibus, id. ib. 9, 446 al.: aliquem funesto veterno, i. e. to protect, guard, Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 10: classes aquilonibus, id. A. P. 64 et saep.
          4. (δ) With dat., to keep off something from: oestrum pecori, Verg. G. 3, 155 (cf.: Solstitium pecori defendite, id. E. 7, 47: mortem fratri depulit, Ov. H. 14, 130; and the Gr. ἀμύνειν νηυσὶ θοῇσι πῦρ, Hom. Il. 9, 435; 9, 347; v. also Rudd. II. p. 150).

arcĕra, ae, f. [arca, Curt.], a covered carriage for sick persons: quod ex tabulis vehiculum erat factum ut arca, arcera dictum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 140 Müll.; Gell. 20, 1, 29; Non. p. 55, 26. So in the laws of the XII. Tables, Fragm. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25; Varr. ap. Non. l. l. Acc. to Nonius ib. this word was found also in Cicero. At a later period the litter (lectica, sella) came into use, and hence arcera disappeared from the language.

Arcĕsĭlas, ae (Arcĕsĭlāus, i, Gell. 3, 5), m. (acc. Arcesilam, Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 76: Arcesilan, Mel. 1, 18, 1), = Ἀρκεσίλας (-αος).

  1. I. Arcesilas (mostly in this form), a Greek philosopher of Pitane, a pupil of Polemon, and founder of the Middle Academy, Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Ac. 1, 12, 45; 2, 24, 76; id. Fin. 5, 31, 94; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; Pers. 3, 79 (cf. Diog. Laert. 4, 28).
  2. II. Arcesilaus, a sculptor of the first century B. C., Plin. 35, 12, 45, § 155.
  3. III. Arcesilaus, an encaustic painter of Paros, Plin. 35, 11, 38, § 122.
  4. IV. Arcesilas, a painter, son of Tisicrates, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 146.

Arcēsĭus, ii, m., = Ἀρκείσιος, son of Jupiter, father of Laertes, and grandfather of Ulysses, Ov. M. 13, 144.

arcessītĭo, ōnis, f. [arcesso], a calling, summons: dies propriae arcessitionis, i. e. the day of death, Cypr. de Mortal. extr.

arcessītor, ōris, m. [arcesso], one that calls or fetches another (perh. only in the two foll. exs.): nemo arcessitor ex proximo, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 45.
Hence, in judic. lang., an accuser, Amm. 29, 1, 44.

1. arcessītus, a, um, Part. of arcesso.

2. arcessītus, ūs, m. [arcesso], a calling, summons (very rare; only in abl. sing.): tuo arcessitu venio huc, Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 3: cum ad eum ipsius rogatu arcessituque venissem, * Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Amm. 31, 10.

arcesso (and accerso), īvi, ītum, 3, v. a. (inf. arcessire and arcessiri, like lacessiri instead of lacessi, freq. and in the best class. writers, though the MSS. and editt. vary very much; cf. Struve, p. 198.
The form accerso, used freq. by Sall., has been unjustly repudiated; cf. Doed. Syn. III. p. 281 sq.; Kritz ad Sall. C. 40, 6, and the grammarians cited by both; Dietsch, Sall. II. p. 145; Rib. prol. in Verg. p. 388) [causat. from accedo; cf. incesso from incedo; ar = ad].

  1. I. Lit., to cause any one to come, to call, send for, invite, summon, fetch (while accio designates merely the calling, without indicating the coming of the person called, Doed. Syn. III. p. 283).
    1. A. In gen.: aliquem ad aliquem, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 1: Blepharonem arcessat, qui nobiscum prandeat, id. Am. 3, 2, 70: quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi, id. Capt. 5, 1, 29; so id. Bacch. 2, 3, 120; 4, 6, 26; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28; so, arcessiturus, id. Cas. 3, 2, 23; 3, 4, 11: arcessitum, id. Rud. 4, 4, 12: jussit me ad se accersier, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 4 Bentl., where Fleck. reads arcessier: obstetricem arcesse, id. Ad. 3, 2, 56; so id. ib. 5, 7, 6; and id. Eun. 3, 5, 44 al.: cum ab aratro arcessebantur, qui consules fierent, Cic. Rosc. Am. 18: sacra ab exteris nationibus ascita atque arcessita, id. Verr. 2, 4, 51 fin.; so id. ib. 5, 18: ejus librum arcessivi, id. Att. 16, 11: ex continenti alios (fabros) accersi jubet, Caes. B. G. 5, 11 Dinter: Gabinium accersit, Sall. C. 40, 6; so id. ib. 52, 24; 60, 4: cunctos senatorii ordinis accersiri jubet, id. J. 62, 4; so id. ib. 113, 4: Agrippam ad se arcessi jussit, Nep. Att. 21, 4: Pisonem arcessi jubet, Tac. H. 1, 14 al.: placere patrem arcessiri, Liv. 3, 45: aliquem ab Epidauro Romam arcessendum, id. 10, 47: Ityn huc arcessite, Ov. M. 6, 652; so id. ib. 15, 640; Hor. S. 2, 3, 261: sin melius quid (sc. vini) habes, arcesse, order it, let it be brought, id. Ep. 1, 5, 6 al.
      Trop.: Illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit jumento suo, prov., this man brings misfortunes upon his own head, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171: quies molli strato arcessita, Liv. 21, 4; so, somnum medicamentis, Cels. 3, 18: gloriam ex periculo, Curt. 8, 13 fin. al.
    2. B. Esp. in judic. lang., to summon, arraign one, before a court of justice; hence, in gen., to accuse, inform against; constr. aliquem alicujus rei: ut hunc hoc judicio arcesseret, Cic. Fl. 6; so id. Rab. Perd. 9: ne quem umquam innocentem judicio capitis arcessas, to accuse of a capital crime, id. Off. 2, 14, 51: aliquem capitis, id. Deiot. 11: pecuniae captae, Sall. J. 32, 1: majestatis, Tac. A. 2, 50: tumultus hostilis, id. ib. 4, 29: veneni crimine, Suet. Tib. 53; also absol.: arcessiri statim ac mori jussus est, id. Claud. 37.
      Trop.: inscitiae, Nigid. ap Gell. 19, 14.
  2. II. Transf. to mental objects, to bring, fetch, seek, or derive a subject, thought, quality, etc.: a capite quod velimus, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 117; so id. Top. 9: translationes orationi splendoris aliquid arcessunt, id. de Or. 3, 38, 156: ex medio res arcessere, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 168: longe arcessere fabulas coepi, to fetch from far, Petr. 37.
    Hence, arcessitus (in opp. to that which comes of itself, and is therefore natural), far-fetched, forced, unnatural (syn. durus): cavendum est, ne arcessitum dictum putetur, that an expression may not appear forced, far-fetched, Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 256: frigidi et arcessiti joci, Suet. Claud. 21: in Lysiā nihil est inane, nihil arcessitum, Quint. 10, 1, 78; cf. id. 2, 4, 3; 9, 3, 74; 12, 10, 40 al.

arceuthĭnus, a, um, adj., = ἀρκεύθινος, of the juniper-tree: ligna, Vulg. Par. 2, 2, 8.

Archaeŏpŏlis, is, f., = Ἀρχαιόπολις, a town in Lydia, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 117.

archangĕlus, i, m., = ἀρχάγγελος, an archangel (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 15; ib. Judas, 9; Hier. Ruf. 1, 6; Tert. adv. Val. 19.

archē, ēs, f., = ἀρχή (beginning).

  1. I. One of the Æons of Valentinus, Tert. adv. Val. 35.
  2. II. Archē, one of the four muses; a daughter of the younger Jupiter, Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 54.

Archĕlāus, i, m., = Ἀρχέλαος.

  1. I. A philosopher of Miletus, pupil of Anaxagoras, and teacher of Socrates, Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 10.
  2. II. A king of Macedonia, son of Perdiccas, and friend of Euripides, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34; Just. 7, 4; Gell. 15, 20, 9.
  3. III. A king of Cappadocia, in the time of Tiberius, and author of a work, ΙΙερὶ λίθων, Plin. 37, 3, 11, § 46; cf. Tac. A. 2, 42; Suet. Tib. 37 fin.
  4. IV. A general of Mithridates, Gell. 15, 1, 4 sq.
  5. V. His son, the rival of King Ptolemy Auletes of Egypt, slain by Gabinius, Cic. Rab. Post. 8.

archēōta, ae, m., = ἀρχειώτης, a keeper of the archives, a recorder, Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 10.

archĕtypus, a, um, adj., = ἀρχέτυπος, that was first made, original (very rare): archetypos servare Cleanthas, i. e. the original statues of Cleanthes, Juv. 2, 7. So Martial calls the original MSS. of his epigrams, archetypae nugae, 7, 11, and in jest, friends that cost nothing, archetypi amici, 12, 69.
Hence, subst.: archĕty-pum, i, n., an original, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8; so Plin. Ep. 5, 10; Macr. S. 7, 14.

archēzōstis, is, f., the bryony, also called ampeloleuce: Bryonia alba, Linn.; Plin. 23, 1, 16, § 21.

Archĭas, ae, m., = Ἀρχίας.

  1. I. Aulus Licinius, a Greek poet of Antiochia, who became distinguished by Cicero’s defence of him; v. Cic. Or. pro Archia.
  2. II. A cabinet-maker; hence, Archiăcus, a, um: lecti, a couch made by Archias, and from the context, a plain couch, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 1.

archĭā̆trĭa, ae, f., = ΑΡΧΙΑΤΡΙΑ, the rank of chief physician, Cod. Th. 13, 3, 8.

archĭā̆trus (-ŏs), i, m., = ἀρχίατρος; in the time of the emperors, the chief physician, who was at the same time physician in ordinary to the emperor, Cod. Th. 12, 13; Inscr. Orell. 3994; 4017; 4226 al.

archĭbūcŭlus (-būcŏl-), i, m., = ἀρχι-βούκολος, a chief priest of Bacchus, Inscr. Orell. 2335; 2351; 2352.

archĭdĭācŏnus, i, m., = ἀρχιδιάκονος, an archdeacon, Hier. ad Pamm. Ep. 61, 4; Sid. Ep. 4, 25.

archĭĕpiscŏpus, i, m., = ἀρχιεπίσκοπος, an archbishop, Cod. Just. 1, 1, 7.

archĭĕreus, i, m., = ἀρχιερεύς, a chief priest, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28 fin.; so Inscr. Orell. 2160; 2543; 2627.

archĭĕrōsyna, ae, f., = ἀρχιεπωσύνη, the chief priest’s office, Cod. Th. 12, 1, 112.

archĭgallus, i, m., = ΑΡΧΙΓΑΛΛΟΣ (cf. Gallus), a chief priest of Cybele, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 70; Tert. Apol. 25; Inscr. Orell. 2320 sq. al.

archĭgĕron, ontis, m., = ΑΡΧΙΓΕΡΩΝ, chief of the old men, a title under the emperors, Cod. Th. 14, 27, 1.

archĭgŭbernus, i, m., = ΑΡΧΙΚΥΒΕΡΝΟΣ, chief pilot or helmsman, Dig. 36, 1, 46; Inscr. Orell. 3634.

Archĭlŏchus, i, m., = Ἀρχίλοχος, a Greek poet of Paros, who, acc. to Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3, lived in the age of Romulus; but, acc. to Nep. ap. Gell. 17, 21, 8, was a contemporary of Tullus Hostilius; he was the originator of iambic verse, and the author of very bitter satires, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 23 sq.; id. A. P. 79; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 60.
Hence, Archĭ-lŏchīus, a, um, adj., Archilochian: metrum, Diom. p. 509 sq. P.; Serv. Centim. p. 1819 sq. P.; also an appel. for severe, bitter, acrimonius: edicta, Cic. Att. 2, 21.

archĭmăgīrus, i, m., = ἀρχιμάγειρος, a chief cook, Juv. 9, 109.

archĭmandrīta, ae, m., = ἀρχιμανδρίτης, a chief or principal of monks, an abbot, Sid. Ep. 8, 14.

Archĭmēdes, is (gen. Archimedi, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; 1, 14, 22; cf. Schneid. Gr. II. 163 sq.; Rudd. I. p. 58, n. 71; Neue, Formenl. I. p. 333; acc. Archimeden, Cic. Verr. 4, 58, 131; Liv. 25, 31, 9: Archimedem, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 64; Neue, Formenl. I. p. 309 sq.), m., = Ἀρχιμήδης, a celebrated mathematician of Syracuse, who, with his burning-glasses, set fire to the ships of the Roman besiegers of his native city, Liv. 24, 34; Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 63; id. Fin. 5, 19, 50; his monument, before unknown, was discovered by Cicero, id. Tusc. 5, 23.
Hence, Archĭmēdēus or -īus, a, um, adj., Archimedian: manus, Mart. Cap. 6, p. 191: loculus, Marc. Vict. p. 2547 P.

archĭmīmus, i, m., = ἀρχίμιμος, chief mimic actor or pantomime, * Suet. Vesp. 19; so Inscr. Orell. 2625.
Hence, fem. ARCHIMIMA, ae, chief mimic actress, Inscr. Orell. 4760.

archĭpīrāta, ae, m., = ἀρχιπειρατής, a leader of pirates, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 25; 2, 5, 29; Liv. 37, 11.

archĭpresbyter, ĕri, m., = ἀρχιπρεσβύτερος, the chief of the presbyteri, arch-priest, Hier. Ep. 4 ad Rustic.

archĭ-săcerdos, ōtis, m. [vox hybrida], chief priest, Ven. Carm. 3, 13, 1.

archĭsynăgōgus, i, m., = ἀρχισυνάγωγος, the priest that was chief ruler of the synagogue, Vulg. Marc. 5, 22; ib. Luc. 13, 14; ib. Act. 18, 8 al.; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28 fin.; Cod. Th. 16, 8, 13 al.

archĭtecta, ae, f., v. architectus, I. B.

archĭtecton, v. architectus, II.

archĭtectŏnĭcē, ēs, f., = ἀρχιτεκτονική (sc. τέχνη), the art of building, architecture, Quint. 2, 21, 8.

archĭtectŏnĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἀρχιτεκτονικός, relating to architecture: rationes, Vitr. 9, 4.

archĭtector, ātus, āri, v. dep. [architectus].

  1. I. Lit., to build, construct, make (rare): situm loci cujusdam ad suum arbitrium fabricari et architectari, Auct. ad Her. 3, 19, 32: Olympium, Vitr. 7, praef. 17: cardines, id. 9, 4.
  2. II. Trop., to devise, invent, procure: voluptates, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 52 (cf. id. ib. 1, 10, 32: Epicurus architectus beatae vitae).
    Note: Pass.: Aedes Martis architectata ab Hermodoro Salaminio, ἀρχιτεκτονευθεῖσα, Nep. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.

archĭtectūra, ae, f. [architectus], the art of building, architecture, = ἀρχιτεκτονία.

  1. I. Lit., * Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151; Vitr. 1, 1; 1, 3.
  2. II. Trop., of historical representation: Specus ipsa quā concameratur architecturā! Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82.

archĭtectus, i, m., = ἀρχιτέκτων (the usual form, while † archĭtecton, ŏnis, is rare).

  1. I. Form architectus.
    1. A. A master-builder, architect: fabri architectique, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 45: Philo architectus, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 62; so id. Fam. 9, 2; Vitr. 1, 1; Plin. 34, 14, 42, § 148; Vulg. Eccli. 38, 28; ib. Isa. 3, 3; ib. 2 Macc. 2, 30: ut sapiens architectus, ib. 1 Cor. 3, 10 al.
    2. B. Trop., an inventor, deviser, contriver, author, maker: bene factis Juppiter architectus, Plaut. Am. prol. 45 ( = auctor atque opifex, Lambin.): inventor veritatis et quasi architectus beatae vitae Epicurus, Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 16, 52: architectari voluptates): princeps atque architectus sceleris, id. Clu. 22: Stoici architecti paene verborum, id. Brut. 31, 118.
      Hence, archĭtecta, ae, f., a female architect: natura architecta vis, Plin. 10, 71, 91, § 196.
  2. II. Form architecton.
    1. A. A master-builder, architect, etc.: nam sibi laudavisse hasce ait architectonem, Nescio quem, esse aedificatas has sane bene, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 73; Sen. Ep. 90; Sol. 32 fin.
    2. B. Trop., a master in cunning, a crafty man: me quoque dolis jam superat architectonem, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 150.

Archītis, ĭdis, f., the name of Venus among the Assyrians, acc. to Macr. S. 1, 21.

archĭ-triclīnus, i, m. [vox hybrida; triclinium], = tricliniarcha, one that presides at the table, the master of a feast, Vulg. Joan. 2, 8; 2, 9 bis.

archīum or archīvum, i, n., = ἀρχεῖον, the archives (post-class.), Dig. 48, 19, 9, § 6; Mel. 3, 8 fin.: antiquissimarum gentium archiva, Tert. Apol. 19; so id. adv. Marc. 4, 7.

archōn, ōntis, m., = ἄρχων (a ruler), the highest magistrate at Athens after the abrogation of royal authority, an archon, * Cic. Fat. 9, 19; cf. Vell. 1, 2 and 8.

Archȳtas, ae, m. (nom. Archytă, Sid. Carm. 2, 176), = Ἀρχύτας, a Pythagorean philosopher of Tarentum, and friend of Plato, Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78; 5, 23, 64; id. Sen. 12, 41; Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 8; Vitr. 7, praef. 14 and 9; Hor. C. 1, 28, 2; Col. 1, 1, 7; Gell. 10, 12.

arcĭfīnālis, e, or arcĭfīnĭus, a, um, adj. [arceo-finis]; among surveyors, agri, lands received in possession and built upon by victors after expelling the previous owners (whence the term), Sic. Fl. p. 3; Front. p. 38; Hyg Lim. p. 160. Defined otherwise by Isid. Orig. 15, 13.

arcīon, i, n., = ἀρκεῖον, a plant (in pure Lat., persollata), Plin. 25, 9, 66, § 113.

* Arcĭ-pŏtens, entis, adj. [arcus], skilful with the bow, a skilful archer, an epithet of Apollo, Val. Fl. 5, 17.

arcirma (this is the correct read., not arcŭma), ae, f. [arcera], a kind of small carriage, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.; v. Müll. ad h. l.

Arcĭ-tĕnens (in MSS. also arquĭtĕ-nens, like arquus for arcus, quur for cur, etc.), entis, adj. [arcus-teneo], carrying a bow, bow-bearing, in imitation of the Gr. Τοζοφόρος.

  1. I. A poet. epithet of Apollo and of Diana; of Apollo, Naev. Bell. Pun. ap. Macr. S. 6, 5 (p. 14 Vahl.); Ov. M. 1, 441 (cf. Hor. C. S. 61: Phoebus fulgente decorus arcu); id. ib. 6, 265: pius Arcitenens, Verg. A. 3, 75 (Apollinem dicit, Serv.): Arquitenens dea, Att. ap. Non. p. 341, 25: Arquitenentes Diana et Apollo, Arn. 1, p. 20.
  2. II. As a constellation, the Archer, Cic. Arat. Phaen. 405 B. and K.

arctē (correctly, artē), adv., v. artus fin.

arctĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἀρκτικός (pertaining to the constellation of the Bear, ἄρκτος; hence), northern, arctic: circulus, Hyg. Astr. 1, 6.

arctĭon, i, n., = ἄρκτιον, a plant, also called arcturus, Plin. 27, 5, 16, § 33.

arcto, v. arto init.

Arctŏphylax, ăcis, m., = Ἀρκτοφύλαξ, the Bear-keeper, a constellation, usu. called Bootes, Cic. Arat. Phaen. 394 B. and K.; id. N. D. 2, 42, 109 (as transl. from Arat. 92); so Luc. 8, 180.

arctŏphyllum, v. caerefolium.

arctŏs (nom. arctos, Verg. G. 1, 246; acc. arcton, Ov. M. 2, 132; 13, 293; id. F. 2, 192; Verg. G. 1, 138: arctum, Cic. N. D. 2, 42, 109 (in verse); nom. plur. arctoe (as in Ter. Adelphoe for Adelphi), Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 105, and Arat. Phaen. 441 B. and K.; C. German. Arat. 25 and 63), i, f. (cf. Rudd. I. p. 27; Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 650 sq.; 129; 131), = ἄρκτος.

  1. I. Lit., the Great and the Lesser Bear (Ursa Major et Minor; syn.: ursa, plaustrum, Septentrio), a double constellation (hence, geminae, Ov. M. 3, 45; Prop. 3, 15, 25) in the vicinity of the north pole; cf. Hyg. Astr. 2, 1 sq. Among the poets, on account of its place in the north, gelidae arcti, Ov. M. 4, 625; Verg. A. 6, 16; cf. Hor. C. 1, 26, 3; and since it never sets to our hemisphere, immunis aequoris, Ov. M. 13, 293: aequoris expers, id. ib. 13, 727: metuens aequore tingui, Verg. G. 1, 246 (an imitation of the Homeric: ἄμμορος λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο, Il. 18, 489; Od. 5, 275; cf. also Arat. Phaen. 48: Ἄρκτοι κυανέου πεφυλαγμέναι Ὠκεανοῖο).
  2. II. Metaph.
    1. A. The north pole, Ov. M. 2, 132.
    2. B. The night (cf. luna), Prop. 3, 15, 25.
    3. C. The people dwelling in the north, Luc. 3, 74: post domitas Arctos, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 246; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 336.
    4. D. The north wind, Hor. C. 2, 15, 16.

arctōus, a, um, adj., = ἀρκτῷος, prop., pertaining to arctos (q. v.); hence, poet., northern (syn.: arcticus, aquilonius, Borealis), Mart. 5, 68; 10, 6, 2; Luc. 1, 53; 10, 250; Sen. Oedip. 604; id. Herc. Oet. 1566.

arctūrus, i, m., = ἀρκτοῦρος.

  1. I. As a star.
    1. A. The brightest star in Bootes,, whose rising and setting was supposed to portend tempestuous weather (Plaut. Rud. prol. 71): stella micans radiis, Arcturus, Cic. Arat. 99; id. N. D. 2, 42, 110 (as a transl. of Arat. 95); cf. Hyg. Fab. 130; id. Astr. 2, 4; Verg. A. 1, 744; Vulg. Job, 9, 6; 37, 9; ib. Amos, 5, 8; introduced in Plaut. Rud. as Prologus.
      Transf.
    2. B. The whole constellation (syn.: Bootes, Arctophylax), Verg. G. 1, 204 Voss.
    3. C. The rising of Arcturus, Verg. G. 1, 68.
  2. II. A plant, v. arction.

1. arctus, a, um, for artus, q. v.

2. arctus, i, m., v. arctos.

arcŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [arcus], pertaining to the bow: fabricae, Veg. Mil. 2, 11.
Hence, subst.: arcŭārius, ii, m., a maker of bows, Dig. 50, 6, 6.

* arcŭātĭlis, e, adj. [arcuo], bow-formed: caminus, Sid. Ep. 2, 2; cf. arcuatim.

arcŭātim, adv. [arcuo], in the form of a bow (perh. only in the foll. exs.): millepeda animal multis pedibus arcuatim repens, Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136: sanguis arcuatim fluens, Fest. s. v. Tullios, p. 352 Müll.

* arcŭātĭo, ōnis, f. [arcuo], an arch (only in Front.), Aquaed. 18; 121.

arcŭātus, a, um.

  1. I. Part. of arcuo.
  2. II. = arquatus, q. v.

arcŭ-ballista (better than balista), ae, f. [arcus], a ballista furnished with a bow; only Veg. Mil. 2, 15; 4, 22.

* arcŭballistārĭus (balist-), ii, m. [arcuballista], he that shoots with an arcuballista, Veg. Mil. 4, 21.

arcubii, ōrum, m.: qui excubabant in arce [ar, = ad, and cubo], Paul. ex Fest. p. 25 Müll.; cf. Doed. Syn. II. p. 162.

arcŭla, ae, f. dim. [arca], a small chest or box, a casket, etc.

  1. I. For unguents, ornaments, etc.
    1. A. A small perfume-box, a jewel-casket, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 91: arculae muliebres, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25.
      Hence, trop. of rhetor. ornament: omnes (Isocratis) discipulorum arculae, Cic. Att. 2, 1.
    2. B. A small money-box or casket: arcula plena aranearum, Afran. ap. Fest. s. v. tanne, p. 154 (cf. Cat. 13, 8: Plenus sacculus est aranearum).
  2. II. The wind-box of an organ, Vitr. 10, 13.
  3. III. Arcula dicebatur avis, quae in auspiciis vetabat aliquid fieri, Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll.

* arcŭlārĭus, ii, m. [arcula] one that makes little boxes or jewel-caskets, Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 45.

arcŭlāta, ōrum, n. [Arculus], sacrificial cakes made of flour, Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll.

arcŭlum, i, n. dim. [arcus], a roll or hoop placed upon the head for the purpose of carrying the vessels at public sacrifices, Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll.

Arcŭlus, i, m. [arca], the god of chests, coffers, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll.

arcŭma, ae, v. arcirma.

arcŭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [arcus], to make in the form of a bow, to bend or curve like a bow (not before the Aug. per.): curru arcuato vehi, i. e. covered, Liv. 1, 21: opus, Plin. Ep. 10, 46, 2: (millepeda) quae non arcuatur, does not bend itself in the form of a bow, Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 137 (cf. arcuatim); Ov. M. 11, 590.

arcus, ūs, m. (the orthography, arquus (cf. arquatus), is freq. in MSS., like quum for cum, quur for cur, etc.; cf. Freund ad Cic. Mil. p. 31 sq. Thus Charis. p. 92 P. upon Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51, reads arcuis; Prisc. p. 712 P. arci; and Non. p. 425, 5, upon Lucr. 6, 526, arqui; but the distinction which the latter gram. points out (arcus suspensus fornix appellatur; arquus non nisi qui in caelo apparet, quam Irim poëtae dixerunt) does not seem to be well founded.
Abl. plur. never found; acc. to the gram., Don. p. 1751, Diom. p. 285, Prisc. p. 779, Rhem. Palaem. p. 1371 P. al., it was arcubus; so Vulg. 2 Esdr. 4, 13; cf. Rudd. I. p. 104, n. 48.
Gen. sing. arqui, Lucr. 6, 526 Lachm., and Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51 B. and K.
Dat. arcu, Sil. 4, 18.
Nom. plur. ARCVVS, Corp. Inscr. V. 85; Inscr. Henz. 5313: arci, Varr. ap. Non. p. 77, 12.
Acc. ARCOS, Corp. Inscr. II. 3420.
Fem., Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 712 P.; cf. id. 658 P.; and Serv. ad Verg. 6, 610, says that Catull. and others used it as fem.; v. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 679) [cf. Sanscr. arālas = bent, the bent arm, aratnis = Gr. ὠλένη; Lat. ulna; Germ. Elbogen; Engl. elbow. Curt.], prop., something bent; hence,

  1. I. A bow (syn. cornu).
    1. A. For shooting: intendit crinitus Apollo Arcum auratum, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 54 Müll.): arcus intentus in aliquem, Cic. Sest. 7: haec cernens arcum intendebat Apollo Desuper, Verg. A. 8, 704; 9, 665; so Vulg. Psa. 10, 3; 36, 14: arcum tendere, ib. 3 Reg. 22, 34; ib. 4 Reg. 9, 24: adductus, Verg. A. 5, 507: remissus, Hor. C. 3, 27, 67: arcum dirigere in aliquem, Pers. 3, 60: quom arcum et pharetram mi et sagittas sumpsero, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 98; so, arcum suscitare, Vulg. Hab. 3, 9 et saep.
    2. B. The rainbow (fully: pluvius arcus, v. infra, II.), Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 712 P. (Ann. v. 393 Vahl.): Tum color in nigris existit nubibus arqui, * Lucr. 6, 526 Lachm.: arcus ipse ex nubibus efficitur quodam modo coloratis, Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51: ceu nubibus arcus Mille jacit varios adverso sole colores, Verg. A. 5, 88 Rib.; so Ov. M. 6, 63; 11, 632; 14, 838: pluvius describitur arcus, Hor. A. P. 18; Liv. 30, 2; 41, 21; Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 353; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5 and 6: arcum meum ponam in nubibus, Vulg. Gen. 9, 13 sqq. (in Vulg. Apoc. 4, 3; 10, 1, iris, q. v.) al.
    3. C. A bow or arch in building, a vault, arch, triumphal arch, etc.: efficiens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum, Ov. M. 3, 30; 3, 160; Juv. 3, 11; Suet. Ner. 25: marmoreus arcus, id. Claud. 1; so id. ib. 11; id. Dom. 13; cf. Plin. Pan. 59, 2 Schwarz.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Poet. or in post-Aug. prose, any thing arched or curved like a bow; of the breaking of waves: niger arcus aquarum, Ov. M. 11, 568.
      Of the windings of a serpent: immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus, Ov. M. 3, 42.
      Of a curve in flight: dea se paribus per cælum sustulit alis Ingentemque fugā secuit sub nubibus arcum, Verg. A. 5, 658.
      Of the curving or bendings of a bay: sinus curvos falcatus in arcus, Ov. M. 11, 229 (cf.: inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos, Verg. A. 1, 161).
      Of a harbor: Portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum, Verg. A. 3, 533.
      Of boughs of trees, Verg. G. 2, 26 et saep.
      Of the back of a chair, Tac. A. 15, 57.
    2. B. The mathematical arc, Sen. Q. N. 1, 10; Col. 5, 2, 9.
      Hence, of the five parallel circles of the globe which bound the zones (or perhaps rather, the zones themselves): via quinque per arcus, Ov. M. 2, 129.

artātus (not arct-), a, um, P. a., from arto.

artē (not arctē), adv., v. 1. artus fin.

arto (not arcto), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. artus], to draw or press close together, to compress, contract (not found in Cic.).

  1. I.
    1. A. Lit.: omnia conciliatu artari possunt, * Lucr. 1, 576: libros, Mart. 1, 3, 3; Col. 12, 44, 2: vitis contineri debet vimine, non artari, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 209: angustias eas artantibus insulis parvis, quae etc., id. 3, 6, 13, § 83.
    2. B. Trop., to contract, straiten, limit, curtail: fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet, i. e. in angustias redigit, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54 Lind.; Liv. 45, 56: tempus, to limit, circumscribe, Dig. 42, 1, 2; 38, 9, 1: se, to limit one’s self, to retrench, ib. 1, 11, 2 al.
  2. II. In gen., to finish, conclude, Petr. 85, 4.
    Hence, artātus, a, um, P. a., contracted into a small compass; hence, narrow, close; and of time, short: pontus, Luc. 5, 234: tempus, Vell. 1, 16.

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