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‡ Verbeia, ae, f., a goddess worshipped by the Gauls and Britons, perh. = VICTORIA, Inscr. Grut. 89, 7; 1017, 2.

verbēna, ae, f. (v. Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 3, 11); usually in plur.: verbēnae, ārum, f.,

  1. I. foliage, herbage, the leaves, twigs, and branches of laurel, olive, or myrtle, cypress, tamarisk, sacred boughs, etc.: verbenas vocamus omnes frondes sacratas, ut est laurus, oliva vel myrtus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; cf. id. ad Verg. E. 8, 65, where is given the derivation, a viriditate; such boughs were borne by the fetiales, Liv. 1, 24, 6; 30, 43, 3; Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5: verbenā tempora vincti, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; by priests suing for protection, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; and were used in sacrifices and other religious acts, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 33; Ter. And. 4, 3, 11; Hor. C. 1, 19, 14; 4, 11, 7; Ov. M. 7, 242; Verg. E. 8, 65; Plin. 15, 29, 36, § 119; Suet. Vesp. 7.
  2. II. A class of plants used in medicine as cooling remedies, including the olive, myrtle, ivy, etc., Cels. 2, 22 fin.; 8, 10, 7.

verbēnāca, ae, f., a plant, called also hierabotane, vervain: Verbena officinalis, Linn.; Plin. 25, 9, 59, § 105; App. Herb. 3.

* verbēnārĭus, ii, m. [verbenae], one who bears the sacred boughs; of the fetiales, Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5.

* verbēnātus, a, um, adj. [verbenae], crowned with a wreath of sacred boughs: verbenatum infulatumque, Suet. Calig. 27.

verber, ĕris (nom., dat., and acc. sing. do not occur, and the sing. in gen. very rarely; Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 476), n., a lash, whip, scourge, rod (syn.: scutica, flagrum),

  1. I. Lit. (rare; perh. not in Cic., but cf. in II. B.).
          1. (α) Plur.: Tr. Quid me fiet nunc jam? Th. Verberibus caedere, lutum, pendens, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 45: verberibus caedere, id. Pers. 2, 3, 17; Ter. And. 1, 2, 28: adulescentem nudari jubet verberaque adferri, Liv. 8, 28, 4: verbera saetosa movebat arator, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 25; Verg. A. 5, 147; Quint. Decl. 19, 3.
          2. (β) Sing.: illi instant verbere torto, Verg. G. 3, 106: Phoebus equos stimuloque domans et verbere Saevit, Ov. M. 2, 399: conscendit equos Gradivus et ictu Verberis increpuit, id. ib. 14, 821: pecora verbere domantur, Sen. Const. 12, 3; of a top: volitans sub verbere turbo, Verg. A. 7, 378.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Concr., a thong of a sling and other similar missile weapons (poet.; syn. lorum), Verg. G. 1, 309; Sil. 1, 314; Luc. 3, 469.
    2. B. Abstr., a lashing, scourging, flogging, etc. (class.; syn. plaga).
      1. 1. Lit.
          1. (α) Plur.: dignus es verberibus multis, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 71: tibi erunt parata verba, huic homini verbera, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 115: mitto vincla, mitto carcerem, mitto verbera, mitto secures, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 59: aliquem vinculis ac verberibus atque omni supplicio excruciare, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11; id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 38, 59; 2, 37, 62; id. Fin. 5, 20, 55; id. Tusc. 3, 27, 64; XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6; Quint. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 113; 11, 1, 40; 11, 3, 90; 11, 3, 117; Hor. S. 1, 3, 121: cum positā stares ad verbera veste, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 19: saeva, id. ib. 1, 13, 18: tergum foedum vestigiis verberum, Liv. 2, 23, 7: post verbere, Stat. Th. 2, 143; 2, 172.
          2. (β) Sing.: percutimur caput conversae verbere virgae, Ov. M. 14, 300; Sen. Herc. Fur. 801.
        1. b. Of inanim. things, a stripe, stroke, blow (mostly poet.).
          1. (α) Plur.: turgentis caudae, Hor. S. 2, 7, 49: ventorum, Lucr. 5, 957; 6, 115: radiorum (solis), id. 5, 485; 5, 1104: aquarum, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 288.
            Of the strokes of oars: puppis Verberibus senis agitur, Luc. 3, 536; Sil. 11, 493; cf. Ov. H. 18, 23.
          2. (β) Sing.: remorum in verbere perstant, Ov. M. 3, 662: trementes Verbere ripae, Hor. C. 3, 27, 24: adverso siderum, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 33.
      2. 2. Trop., plur., lashes, strokes: contumeliarum verbera subire, Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9: verbera linguae, i. e. chidings, Hor. C. 3, 12, 3 (cf.: verberari verbis, convicio, etc., under verbero): fortunae verbera, the strokes of fate, Gell. 13, 27, 4.

* verbĕrābĭlis, e, adj. [verbero], worthy of a beating: verberabilissime, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 6.

verbĕrābundus, a, um, adj. [verbero], whipping, flogging, Plaut. Fragm. p. 30 Mai (id. Stich. v. 444 Ritschl).

verbĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. [verbero], a striking, beating.

  1. I. Lit.: flagellorum castigatio, vinculorum verberatio, Dig. 48, 19, 7; 47, 10, 5, § 1.
  2. II. Trop., chastisement, punishment: mirificam mi verberationem cessationis epistulā dedisti, i. e. satisfaction, amends (with reference to an expression previously used: verberavi te cogitationis tacito convicio), Q. Cic. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 1 Orell. N. cr.; cf. id. ib. 16, 26, 1.

* verbĕrātor, ōris, m. [verbero], a beater, flogger, Prud. στεφ. 9, 38.

* verbĕrātus, ūs, m. [verbero], a beating: si (aqua) e sublimi dejecta verberatu corripiat aëra, Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39.

verbĕrĕus, a, um, adj. [verber], worthy of stripes (Plautinian): caput = 2. verbero, scoundrel, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 2; also called statua, id. Capt. 5, 1, 31; id. Ps. 4, 1, 7.

verbĕrĭto, āre, v. freq. [1. verbero], to beat often, Cato, acc. to Fest. p. 379 Müll.

1. verbĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form verberit for verberarit, Fest. p. 230, 15 e leg. Serv. ad Tull.; inf. verberarier, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 7; id. Most. 3, 1, 92), v. a. [verber], to lash, scourge, whip, flog, beat, drub (class.; syn.: ferio, pulso).

  1. I. Lit.: So. Sum obtusus pugnis pessume. Am. Quis te verberavit? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 60: pulsare verberareque homines, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; so (with pulsare) id. ib. 2, 3, 26, § 66: civem Romanum, id. Rep. 2, 31, 54: matrem, id. Vatin. 5, 11; cf.: parentem, servum injuriā, id. Fin. 4, 27, 76: oculos virgis, id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112: laterum costas ense, Ov. M. 4, 727; Mart. 7, 94, 6; Dig. 47, 10, 5 proöem.
    Absol.: quo firme verberaturi insisterent, Suet. Calig. 26: caudā verberando excutere cibum, Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 12.
    Prov.: noli verberare lapidem, ne perdas manum, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 41.
        1. b. Transf., of inanimate things, to beat, strike, lash, knock, etc.: locum coaequato et paviculis verberato, Cato, R. R. 91: tormentis Mutinam verberavit, Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 20: aquila aethera verberat alis, Verg. A. 11, 756: verberat ictibus auras, id. ib. 5, 377: fundā amnem, id. G. 1, 141; cf.: sidera (unda), id. A. 3, 423: agros nive (Juppiter), Stat. Th. 5, 390: undas (Aufidus), to lash, Luc. 2, 407; cf.: navem (Auster), Hor. Epod. 10, 3: puppim (Eurus), Val. Fl. 1, 639.
          In a comic pun, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 177.
  2. II. Trop., to lash, chastise, plague, torment, harass with words: aliquem verbis, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ne me ut surdo verbera aures, id. Mil. 4, 1, 204: senatus convicio verberari, Cic. Pis. 26, 63; cf.: verberavi te cogitationis tacito duntaxat convicio, id. Fam. 16, 26, 1: orator in dicendo exercitatus hac ipsā exercitatione istos verberabit, id. de Or. 3, 21, 79: aures sermonibus, Tac. Agr. 41; Petr. 132.

2. verbĕro, ōnis, m. [1. verbero], one worthy of stripes, a scoundrel, rascal: ain’ tu vero verbero? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 128; Cic. Att. 14, 6, 1; Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 187; id. Ps. 4, 7, 63; id. As. 2, 4, 10; 2, 4, 78; 3, 3, 79; id. Capt. 3, 4, 19 al.; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 3; 5, 6, 10.

vervex (berbex and verbex), ēcis, m., a wether.

  1. I. Lit., Varr. L. L. 5, § 98 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 189, 30; Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 40; Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 55.
  2. II. Transf., a name for a stupid fellow, qs. mutton-head, Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 6; Auct. ap. Sen. Const. 17, 1; Juv. 10, 50.